Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The Sri Lankan Buddhist works ‘Dipavamsa’ and ‘Mahavamsa’ provide information about the close relations between India and Sri Lanka.

Correct option is (a) zero

Emperor Harshavardhan sent an ambassador to the Chinese court.

Correct option is (c) silk

Correct option is (b) Bodhi

Correct option is (b) western

There has been a change in the nature of our international trade:

(i) Since 2004-2005, the share of agriculture and allied products, ores and minerals, chemical engineering goods has been increasing.

(ii) Exchange of commodities and goods have been superseded by the exchange of information and knowledge.

(iii) India has emerged as a software giant at international level.

(iv) India is earning large foreign exchange through the export of information technology.

(v) Imports: Commodities imports include petroleum and petroleum products 41.87% and Coal, Coke - 94.1%

Property such as land titles, deposits with banks, livestock are some common examples of collateral used for borrowing.

• All the commercial banks pay premium to insure the deposits. 
• The deposits of the individuals, only to an extent of one lakh, will be issued by the banks.

Correct option is (a) Silk Route

Collateral is an asset that borrower owns. The collateral can be anything that has monetary value in it. The lender uses that collateral as a guarantee for that which borrower will repay the amount in future.

Example land and gold

(i) No country in the world is self-sufficient in all its needs. Goods produced by one country are required by the other country and vice-versa. Hence, differences in resources, needs and development among nations creates conditions for international trade between them.

(ii) It helps in exchange of surplus goods with those of deficit countries through foreign trade.

(iii) Foreign trade has helped India to improve its productivity of manufactured goods.

(iv) International trade contributed to India's economic growth, raising income levels of people thus, increasing the foreign exchange reserves.

(v) International trade helps India to import advanced technology of other countries to improve its own production.

• The demand deposits can be withdrawn on demand.
• The demand deposits possess the essential characteristics of money that is a medium of exchange. 
• Since demand deposits are accepted widely as a means of payment, along with currency, they constitute money in the modern economy

A higher rate of interest and the huge cost of borrowing

The credit from the informal source is the getting loans from the money lenders, relatives and many other therefore it will not have any code of conduct and they will charge any rate of interest which will lead to huge cost the borrowers to repay, and lenders can easily exploit the borrowers.

Informal sources of credit: All the people, who do not follow any rules and regulations in issuing loans together are called informal sources of credit. e.g.: Moneylenders, traders, friends, relatives, etc.

• Higher cost of borrowing means a larger part of the earnings of the borrowers is used to repay the loan. 
• In such cases, the amount to be repaid is greater than the income of the borrower. 
• This could lead to increasing debt. 
• High interest rates are hurdles for those who want to establish an enterprise.
• For these reasons, banks and cooperative societies need to lend more at reasonable rates.

1. confesses

2. aims 

3. glad 

4. admires 

5. exchange 

6. zealous 

7. thanksgiving 

8. physiques 

9. satisfied

Tourism faces the following problems :

• Lack of adequate housing facilities : Important places of tourism lack facilities of housing which are not only adequate, but inconvenient as well. These places lack hotels and tourist housing centers. The state government has made efforts to develop paying guest facilities at these places for solving this problem. 
• Problem of marketing of literature, guides and public contacts : There is neither a guide nor a medium of public contacts available at significant places of tourism which can provide physical and geographical information related to these tourists point. As a solution to this problem, the tourist department is expanding tourist information centres and establishing tourist reception centers. 
• Inadequate transport and communication facilities : Larger tourism centers have transportation and communication facilities, but such facilities are not easily available at smaller centers. It takes a lot of time for people to reach at such places and they have to spend more money on visiting such places. The tourism department should provide fair means of transport at both government and private level for these areas. 
• Maintenance of tourist points : Leaving aside important tourist places, the general ones lack regular cleanliness, lights and repairs. Appropriate arrangements are required to make such tourist points attractive. The tourism department can provide such facilities by engaging regional corporations, archaeological departments and voluntary organizations by providing them grants. 
• Lack of marketing centers : National and international tourists wish to purchase regional clothes, paintings etc. at fair prices. Therefore, the local people and opportunists get a chance to charge higher rates from the tourists which creates a bad impression in their minds.

Apart from the above mentioned problems, the tourists should be provided sufficient and timely help from police, whenever needed. They should be treated humbly and respectfully.

(i) After the war, Britain found it difficult to recapture its earlier position of dominance in the colonial market.

(ii) To finance war, expenditures, Britain had borrowed from the U.S. At the end of the war, Britain was burdened with huge external debts.
(iii) The war had led to a huge increase in demand, production, and employment. 

(iv) The government reduced bloated war expenditures to bring them into line with peacetime revenues.
(v) These developments led to huge Job losses. In 1921, one in every five British workers was out of work.

Examples of the different types of global exchanges which took place before the seventeenth century:
i) Textiles, spices and Chinese pottery were exchanged by China, India and Southeast Asia in return for gold and silver from Europe.
ii) Gold and foods such as potatoes, soya, groundnuts, tomatoes and chillies were first exported from the Americas to Europe.

(i) After the war, Britain found it difficult to recapture its earlier position of dominance in the colonial market.

(ii) To finance war, expenditures, Britain had borrowed from the U.S. At the end of the war, Britain was burdened with huge external debts.
(iii) The war had led to a huge increase in demand, production, and employment. 

(iv) The government reduced bloated war expenditures to bring them into line with peacetime revenues.
(v) These developments led to huge Job losses. In 1921, one in every five British workers was out of work.

Answer is: (d) 10

Factors responsible for indentured labour migration from India :
(i) In the mid-19th century, cottage industries declined, land rents rose, lands were cleared for mines and plantations.
This affected poor people because they were highly indebted and forced to migrate for work.

(ii) Temptation: As the agents provided false information about final destinations, nature of work and living and working conditions, many poor people were tempted to go and work.
(iii) In order to escape Poverty or oppression at home and in villages many migrants agreed to work.

The global transfer of disease in the pre-modern world helped in the colonisation of the Americas because the Native American Indians were not immune to the diseases that the settlers and colonisers brought with them. The Europeans were more or less immune to small pox, but the Native Americans, having been cut off from the rest of the world for millions of years, had no defence against it. These germs killed and wiped out whole communities, paving the way for foreign domination. Weapons and soldiers could be destroyed or captured, but diseases could not be fought against.

(i) It involved the world's leading industrial nations.
(ii) This war was the first modern industrial war. Machine guns, tanks, aircrafts, chemical weapons, were used on a massive scale.
(iii) Most o{ those who were maimed were men of working age. The scale of death and destruction was great. These deaths and injuries reduced the
workforce.
(iv) Industries during the war were restructured to produce war-related products.
(v) The war led to the snapping of economic links between the world's largest economic powers which were now fighting with each other to pay for them. The war transformed the US from being an international debtor to an international creditor.

(d) All of these

Answer is: (c) Sonar Fort

(i) The Europeans found it difficult to recruit labour in Africa because of shortage of labour willing to work for wages and due to plenty of land and livestock which were available for Africans.
(ii) Two methods used by the Europeans to recruit and retain labour were :
(a) Heavy taxes were imposed which could be paid only by working for wages on plantations and mines.
(b) Inheritance laws were changed so that peasants were displaced from land.

(i) Important inventions such as railways and steamships boosted the economic growth in 19th century.
(ii) Colonization stimulated new investments and improvements in transport.
(iii) Faster railways, lighter wagons, and larger ships helped to move food more cheaply and quickly from far away farms to final markets.

New system of slavery :
(i) Agents tempted the poor people by giving false information about the nature of work, final destinations, living and working conditions, modes of travel, etc.
(ii) Less willing workers were at time forcibly abducted by the agents.
(iii) On arrival at the plantations, when laborers found conditions to be different, many of them escaped into the wilds while others developed new forms of individual and collective self-expression.

Rinderpest was the fast-spreading and devastating disease of cattle plague.
Effects of Rinderpest :
It affected the Africans in following ways :
(i) Rinderpest moved like forest fire.
(ii) 90% of cattle were killed.
(iii) The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods. Earlier people rarely worked for a wage. They possessed land and livestock. Due to Rinderpest, they were forced to work for wages and so it affected the economy.
(iv) Colonial government forced the Africans into labour market.

Major consequences of the Second World War are as follows :
(i) Death and destruction were enormous. At least 60 million of the people or about 3 percent of the world's 1939 populatior.r are believed to have been killed directly or indirectly as the result of a war.

(ii) Millions more were injured. Unlike in earlier wars, most of these deaths took place outside the battlefield. Many more civilians than soldiers died from war-related causes.
(iii) Vast parts of Europe and Asia were devastated and several cities were destroyed by aerial bombardment or relentless artillery attacks.
(iv) The war caused an immense amount of economic devastation and social destruction. Reconstruction promised to be long and difficult.

(i) America was not conquered and colonized by Europeans with the help of superior firepower alone.
(ii) Germs, such as those of smallpox were a helpful to a great extent.
(iii) Americans had no immunity against them as a result of long isolation. Once introduced, the germs spread deep into the continent decimating whole communities and paving way for Conquest.

(i) The Europeans found it difficult to recruit labour in Africa because of shortage of labour willing to work for wages and due to plenty of land and livestock which were available for Africans.

(ii) Two methods used by the Europeans to recruit and retain labour were :
(a) Heavy taxes were imposed which could be paid only by working for wages on plantations and mines.
(b) Inheritance laws were changed so that peasants were displaced from land.

Dungarpur-Banswara.

Alwar-Bharatpur-Sawai Madhopur.

Ghoomar dance is perform in Merwar district.

In Pokhran (Jaisalmer).

Rinderpest was the fast-spreading and devastating disease of cattle plague.
Effects of Rinderpest :
It affected the Africans in following ways :
(i) Rinderpest moved like forest fire.
(ii) 90% of cattle were killed.
(iii) The loss of cattle destroyed African livelihoods. Earlier people rarely worked for a wage. They possessed land and livestock. Due to Rinderpest, they were forced to work for wages and so it affected the economy.
(iv) Colonial government forced the Africans into labour market.

From East Africa

Rinderpest was a fatal disease. It had entered through British Asia. East Africa had imported cattle from British Asia to feed the Italian soldiers fighting in their country. The cattle were infected, and thus, this disease had spread among the people. This led to the migration of many people from Africa to other parts of the world.

City of Gold

El Dorado was a fabled city of gold. It is said to be in South America, in the 17th century. Many expeditions were carried out in search of it but resulted into a fruitless trek.

The death of men of working age in Europe because of the World War reduced the able-bodied workforce in Europe, leading to a steady decline in household incomes and a consequent struggle to meet the living expenditure by families whose men were handicapped or killed.

The coming of rinderpest to Africa caused a loss of livelihood for countless Africans. Using this situation to their advantage, colonising nations conquered and subdued Africa by monopolising scarce cattle resources to force Africans into the labour market.

(i) Europeans were attracted due to the resources of land and minerals of Africa.
(ii) They came to Africa to establish plantations and exploit mines.
(iii) African countries were militarily weak and backward. So, it was easy to conquer them

(i) The Loss of 90% of the cattle destroyed African livelihoods.
(ii) Planters, mine owners, and colonial governments now successfully monopolized what scarce cattle resources remained, to strengthen their power and forced Africans into the labor market.
(iii) Control over the scarce resource of cattle enabled European colonizers to conquer and subdue Africa.

After the declaration of Indian Independence, a Sathyagraha started in front of the palace pressing for the inclusion of Mysuru state in the Indian Federation under the leadership of K.C. Reddy.

Correct Answer is: c) French