Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

To absorb light of specific wavelength in the visible regions.

Chlorophyll 'a’ has methyl (CH₃) group and Chlorophyll ′b’, has an aldehyde (CHO) group.

Plants that have ingredients which can be used in drug preparation are known as medicinal plants. 

(Eg.) Tulsi, Neem etc.

Economic botany is the study of the relationship between people and plants and the uses of plants in the economy

1. Sixteenth 

2. Cotton 

3. Palm tree 

4. Tulasi 

5. Pulses

Fibres got from coconut stem, stalk of the compound leaf and husk fibres of the coconut are the sources from which cordage or rope is processed.

1. Teak is a hardwood, durable and strong. 

2. Teak central wood is deposited with gum, resin oil etc and so strong that it can’t be destroyed by termites and other insects. 

3. Doors, windows, roof and railway sleeper wood and cots are made out of it.

Jute crop is grown in seven states – West Bengal, Assam, Odisha, Bihar, UttarPradesh, Tripura and Meghalaya.

1. The wood needed for the construction of buildings and making of furniture are obtained from certain plants. 

2. We use wood for these purposes due to their features like durability, stylish finishing and resistance to temperature changes. 

3. All commercial timbers are classified into two classes as Hardwoods and softwoods based essentially on their structure.

i. Hardwoods:

Hardwoods are angiosperms (flowering plants), the largest group of land plants. High-quality furniture, decks, flooring and wooden construction are being made only using hardwood. 

Example: Teak, Jackffuit.

ii. Softwoods: 

Softwoods come from gymnosperm (nonflowering plants) trees. Certain angiosperms also yield softwood. 

Softwoods have a wide range of applications such as making plywood, wooden boxes, medium-density Fibreboard (MDF) and paper making. 

Example: Katampu, Pine.

1. Cotton give textile fibres used for making garments or dress materials or fabric. 

2. 80% cotton is used in making fabrics or cotton mixed fabrics. 

3. Because of its large scale cultivation, manufacture and industry if is a commercially very important plant. So known as cash crop.

Correct answer is (b) Wheat

Animal – Plant interactions :

1. Animals and birds play an important role in spreading seeds of various plants. 

2. The digestive enzymes in the digestive system of the birds soften the protective layer of the seeds and make it easier to germinate. 

3. If this natural relationship between animals and plants are affected, it shows its impact on the economy too.

1. The relationship between animals and plants, benefiting both of them is known as a symbiotic relationship. 

2. (Eg.) Silkworms – feeding on Mulberry leaves – produce silk fibres. 

3. Honey bee – feed on pollen and honey of plants – Agents of cross-pollination and form vegetables and fruits along with honey.

1. Most deserts get less than 10 inches of rainfall each year. 

2. The evaporation rate is higher than the rainfall. 

3. In the desert, there is little water available for plants (cactus-like) and other organisms.

4. Cactus like plants and animals living in such areas are adapted to save water and to endure drought. 

(Eg.) Cactus Camel etc

1. Carrot, Beetroot and radish – Taproots 

2. Potato, Ginger, Turmeric – Underground stem 

3. Curry leaves, Coriander leaves – Leaves 

4. Drum stick – Leaves, Unripe fruit and bark. 

5. Paddy, Wheat, Maize and Ragi – Seeds

(d) Honeybees

1. False. Plants grown for decorative purposes are called Ornamental plants.

2. True.

3. False. Jasmine is used for ornamental purpose.

4. False. Cotton cloth is suitable for summer season.

5. True.

1. cereals.

2. ornamental.

3. Natural manure

No. I don’t agree with her statement.

1. Palm tree is technically neither hardwood nor softwood. 

2. It comes from a separate family known as Arecaceae. 

3. It has significantly different cellular structure from either soft or hardwoods

Correct answer is (b) Rubber

(b) Agricultural development

1. Pulses

2. Potato

3. Amla

4. Tulsi

5. Coconut .

6. Gymnosperm

7. Allamanda.

8. Jatropha.

Correct answer is (c) Coconut

Correct answer is (c) Nitrogen

1. A timer is used in the construction of buildings, making of furniture 

2. It is used in making fibreboard, paper making.

1. Neem leaf is used for leprosy, eye disorders, intestinal worms, stomach upset, skin ulcer, diseases of heart and blood vessels, fever, diabetes and liver problem.

2. Neem flowers can be used to treat intestinal worm. 

3. Neem oil is rich in vitamin E and fatty acid. It helps to improve skin elasticity.

1. Shrubs – Hibiscus, Crape Jasmine and Crotons 

2. Climbers – Mullai, Allamanda and Bougainvilleam

3. Trees – Golden shower tree, Mandarai, Delonix tree

(a) i and ii

Cereals are edible components of grain of cultivated grass. 

Example : Rice, Wheat, Bajra, Millet.

1. Plant Fibres include seed hairs – Cotton.

2. Stem Fibres – Flax, jute. 

3. Leaf Fibres – Agave. 

4. Husk Fibres – Coconut.

Correct answer is (c) Banyan tree

Here is a list of plants that have the highest medicinal value.

1. Maintain soil fertility – Plants maintain soil fertility. Plants like blue green algae and bacteria like Pseudomonas are also extensively used to fix nitrogen in the soil for agriculture.

2. Prevent soil erosion – Plants when grown in dense will prevent soil erosion. This is prevented by plants if grown around. 

3. Bio-fuels – Some plants are also grown for the sake of bio-fules. Plant fuel is less toxic as it does not emit harmful gases and also less expensive. 

Ex : Jatropha. Even the plant waste is used to generate electricity. 

Ex : Sugar mills. 

4. Rubber and Natural Plastic – Natural plastics and rubber are also produced from plants. 

5. Neem oil coated Urea – Neem coated urea releases nitrogen gradually and helps the plants to absorb maximum nitrogen. It reduces the impact of urea on the environment.

1. Vegetables: We get vegetables from different parts of the plants.

Roots : eg : Beetroot, Carrot.

Leaves : eg : Curry Leaves, Cabbage.

Stems : eg : Potato, Yam.

Flowers : eg : Banana flower, Cauliflower.

Fruits : eg : Amla, Guava.

2. Cereals : Cereals are edible components of grain of cultivated grass.

Example : Rice, Wheat, Bajra, Millet.

3. Pulses : (i) Pulses are edible seeds of plants legume family. Pulses are secured in pods.

(ii) Example : Bengal gram, Green mung bean.

4. Spices : Spices are aromatic parts of tropical plants traditionally used to flavour the food. Spices come from the bark1 or roots of certain plants, leaves, flowers, or stems of plants primarily used for flavoring, coloring or preserving food.

Spices used in India : Following spices are included in a variety of Indian dishes Cardamom, black pepper, curry leaves, fenugreek, fennel, ajwain, bay leaves, cumin, coriander seeds, turmeric, cloves, ginger, nutmeg, and cinnamon.

Correct answer is a. Amla

Correct answer is (a) Potato

Connecting link between annelida and mollusca neoplina.

Yes, protozoans are early animals. This is because:

1. They have a very basic body design and minimal differentiation. 

2. They are unicellular organisms, and only one cell performs all necessary functions.

Yes, it is true. The cell wall of different organisms differs in their composition.

Cell walls exist in all kingdoms except for the animals: plants, protists (algae), fungi, bacteria, and archaea. And in all these, the cell wall is made of different materials and composition.

Example:

1. Monkey has a lot more in common with us than with the cow.

2. There is difference in desi cow and jersey cow.

3. In human beings also we find difference (Height, dwarf and red, white colour).

The difference between monocot and dicot can be made by opening the seed of the weed. Presence of one or two cotyledons respectively would differentiate between them.

Even in case of multicellular organisms, there can be different levels of organization. When a cell is responsible for all the life processes, it is called cellular level or organization. When some cells group together to perform specific function, it is called tissue level of organization. When tissues group together to form some organs, it is called organ level of organization. Similarly, organ system level of organization is seen in complex organisms.

Local or vernacular names are not sufficient as there are different languages prevalent in different parts of the world and if we name any plant or animal according to the local language, no one from another part of the country, forget the world, would be able to understand it. So to solve this problem scientists came up with scientific naming in which all the plants and animals are named in the Latin language.

Fungi and bacteria are not classified as plants. They exist in a different kingdom. But these do work on preparing food via the process of photosynthesis

Ernst Haeckel, Robert Whittaker and Carl Woese made attempt at classifying all organisms into category or kingdoms. 

Robert Whittaker proposed a ive kingdom classification, which includes Monera, Protista , Fungi, Plantae and Animalia , and Woese modiied it by dividing Monera into archaebacteria and eubacteria.

It is a well-established fact that all the life forms have evolved from a common ancestor. Scientists have proved that the life begun on the earth in the form of simple life forms. During the course of time, complex organism evolved from them. So, classification is also based on evolution. A simple organism is considered to be primitive while a complex organism is considered to be advanced.

The regions of the earth which have a rich biodiesel of species are called biodiversity hotspots. More than half of the earth's biodiversity is supposed to be concentrated in these areas. For example Brazil, Columbia, Ecuador, Australia, India, etc. Biodiversity hotspots in India are present in Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas, Indo- Burma border, etc.

The variety of plants, animals and other species on the Earth or in a particular habitat is known as biodiversity. Biodiversity is used to measure the health of a particular area, to check the condition of a particular species.