Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

The star appears to move in the sky from east to west direction. This apparent motion of the stars in the sky from east to west direction is due to rotation of Earth from west to east on its axis. So, star appears to move in opposite direction: from east to west.

Solar system consists of the sun, the 8 planets and their satellites (or moons), and millions of smaller celestial object such as asteroids, comets and meteoroids. The sun is at the centre of the solar system.

The eight planets of the solar system (in order of their increasing distances from the sun) are: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune.

Mars is known as the red planet due to its orange-red colour.

Ursa Major and Cassiopeia are two prominent constellations in northern sky.

The stars are much bigger than our Earth. Many of the stars are even bigger than the sun. The star appears as point because they are very, very far from us. Whereas planets are quite close to Earth so appear as discs.

Stars and planet are so far away from each other that it is so difficult to measure distance in km or any other unit. So to make easy measurement the distance between them is measured in light year.

1 light year is equal to 9.49×10¹².

In addition to the sun, planets and satellites, the solar system also includes asteroids, comets and meteoroids. Asteroids, comets and meteoroids revolve around the sun just like the planets but they are much smaller than the planets.

Mercury and Venus can be seen as the morning star because they lie inside the orbit of earth. The plane Mercury and Venus can be seen as morning star in the eastern sky just before the sun-rise.

There is a wide space in between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. A large number of small objects made of rocks revolve around the sun in the wide space between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter in the solar system. These are called asteroids. So, Mars and Jupiter have asteroids between them.

• Male menopause is called andropause. 
• There is decreased secretion of testosterone. 
• It occurs normally after 60 years.

It controls spermatogenesis & provides male secondary sexual characters.

Leydig’s cells: Androgen hormone.

The answer is (d) 28 days

The answer is (c) Cowper

Metallic character decreases on going from left to right across a period due to decreased atomic size which thereby increases the tendency of an element to gain electrons while the metallic increases on going down the group due to the increased size of the atom which increases its tendency to lose electrons. Therefore, the decreasing order of metallic character is : 

Na> Mg > Be> Si>P

Electronic configuration: 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s²3d¹⁰4p⁶5s²4d²

Period No : 5 Group No: 2+2= 4

Group members:- 

1.Mrs.Mosarrat Jehan  (KV Chittaranjan)

2. Mr. Raghib Roushan (KV N0.2 Ishapore

2. Mr. Raghib Roushan (KV N0.2 Ishapore

4. Mr.Navneet Singh (KV AFS Salua)

5. Mrs.Gopi Priya (KV Panagarh)

(c)Correct explanation: F has greater tendency than Cl to attract the shared pair of electrons of a covalent bond.

(a) Carbon dioxide

Correct answer is

D. Hydration

(b) TFM value

Food quality can be described in terms of parameters such as flavour, smell, texture, colour and microbial spoilage.

Correct answer is

D. Cellulose

Various physical and chemical methods are used for preservations of food.

• Physical methods like, addition of heat, removal of heat, removal of water, irradiation, etc., are used in order to preserve food.
• Chemical methods like, addition of sugar, salt, vinegar, etc. are employed for preservation of food.

Food preservation and food processing methods aim at prevention of undesirable changes and attempt to bring about desirable changes in food.

(a)  3 4 1 2

Fats in the form of lipoprotein are used to transport cholesterol in the body.

• The long carbon chains of unsaturated fatty acids contain one or more C=C double bonds which produces one or more ‘kinks’ in the chain. This prevent the molecules from packing closely together.
• Also, the van der Waals forces between the unsaturated chains are weak.

Hence, the melting points of unsaturated fats are lower.

i. True 

ii. False Linolenic acid is an omega-3 fatty acid having three C = C double bonds in its structure. 

iii. True

Foods like walnuts, flaxseeds, chia seeds, soybean, cod liver oil are rich source of omega3 fatty acids.

Due to the presence of C=C double bonds, unsaturated fats can have two geometrical isomers, i.e., cis form and transform. 

i. Cis form:

• In the cis form of an unsaturated fatty acid, the two hydrogens on the two double bonded carbons are on the same side of the double bond. 
• It is the most common form of unsaturated fats. 
• Cis fats do not cause deposition of cholesterol in blood vessels and thus, decrease the chance of developing coronary heart disease.

ii. Transform:

• In the transform of an unsaturated fatty acid, the two hydrogens on the two double bonded carbons are on the opposite sides of the double bond. 
• Trans fats are difficult to metabolize and may get deposited to dangerous levels in fatty tissues. 
• Large amount of trans unsaturated fats, increase the tendency of cholesterol getting deposited in the blood vessels leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease.

[Note: Transform occurs only in animal fats and processed unsaturated fats.]

Personal hygiene refers to maintaining one’s body clean by bathing, washing hands, trimming fingernails, wearing clean clothes and also includes attention to keeping surfaces in the home and workplace, including toilets, bathroom facilities, clean and pathogen-free.

Hygiene is the science of health, which aims at preserving, maintaining and improving the health of an individual or the community as a whole.

Disease is a condition of disrupted or deranged functioning of one or more organs or systems of the body caused due to infection, detective diet or heredity.

The system which protects us from various infectious agents is called immune system.

Resistance is an ability to ward off damage or disease through our defence mechanism.

The immunity is defined as the general ability of a body to recognize and neutralize or destroy and eliminate foreign substances or resist a particular infection or disease.

The process of coating of bacteria to facilitate their subsequent phagocytosis by macrophages is called opsonisation.

The protective chemicals produced by immune cells in response to antigens is called antibodies.

There are many NGOs that work in the field of deaddiction. In different cities, there are different organizations. Even the central Government has started helpline number 1800-11-0031 for those drug and alcohol addicts who need help to come out of these addictions. Muktangan in Pune is one such reputed organization which does the great work in the field of deaddiction.

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1. Antibodies are highly specific to specific antigens. They are glycoprotein called immunoglobulins (Igs.). 

2. They are produced by plasma cells. Plasma cells are in turn formed by B-lymphocytes.

3. About 2000 molecules of antibodies are formed per second by the plasma cells. 

4. Antibody is a ‘Y’-shaped molecule. It has four polypeptide chains, two heavy or H-chains and two light or L-chains. 

5. Disulfide bonds (-s-s-) hold the polypeptide chains together to form a ‘Y’-shaped structure. 

6. The region holding arms and stem of antibody is termed as hinge. Each chain of the antibody has two distinct regions, the variable region and the constant region. 

7. Variable regions have a paratope which is an antigen-binding site. This part of antibody recognizes and binds to the specific antigen forming an antigenantibody complex. 

8. Antibodies are called bivalent as they carry two antigen binding sites.

Correct answer is (a) Alert parents and teachers

Correct answer is (a) Highly qualified psychiatrist

1. Performance enhancers are certain drugs used by sportspersons to enhance their performance during competitions. 

2. Narcotic analgesics, anabolic steroids, diuretics and certain hormones are misused by such sportspersons to increase muscle strength and bulk. It also promotes aggressiveness and improve overall performance. 

3. Use of anabolic steroids cause side effects. 

4. Females show masculinization, increased aggressiveness, mood swings, depression, abnormal menstrual cycles, excessive hair growth on the face and body, enlargement of clitoris, deepening of voice. 

5. Males show acne, increased aggressiveness, mood swings, depression, and reduction of size of the testicles, decreased sperm production, kidney and liver dysfunction, breast enlargement, premature baldness, enlargement of the prostate gland. 

6. These effects may be permanent with prolonged use. Using such drugs is illegal and punishable.

1. Dengue is a viral disease causing high fever. It is a painful, debilitating vectorborne disease. 

2. There are four closely related dengue viruses that cause infection. 

3. Vector of Dengue virus is female Aedes mosquito. The mosquito takes up the dengue virus when it sucks blood of a person suffering from dengue. 

4. The spread of dengue is not directly from one person to another person.

1. Ringworm or Dermatophytosis is a clinical condition caused by Trichophyton and Microsporum fungal infection of the skin. This infection is seen in humans and pets.

2. Dermatophytes are the fungi that feed on keratin. Keratin is the material found in the outer layer of skin, hair and nails. 

3. These fungi attack various parts of the body. Infections on the body forms enlarged raised red rings. These patches have intense itching. Infection on the skin of the feet may cause athlete’s foot and jock itch. 

4. When the nails are infected it causes onychomycosis. During this the nails thicken, discolour and finally crumble and fall off. 

5. Prevention of ringworm infection is to be done by avoiding sharing of clothing, sports equipment, towels or sheets. Clothes should be washed in hot water with fungicidal soap after suspected exposure to ringworm. One should not walk barefoot but use appropriate footwear. 

6. Diagnosis of ringworm is done by physical examination and treatment is done with uses drugs like nystatin, fluconazole, itraconazole, etc.