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This section includes InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.
| 701. |
Initial serial stages in successionA. Possess low diversityB. Have higher biomassC. More numerous in secondarry successionD. Show maximum niche specialisation. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 702. |
What are the stages of plant Succession? |
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Answer» Succession in plants:
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| 703. |
What are the difference between Primary succession and Secondary succession? |
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Answer» Primary succession: succession that starts where no living organisms are there- these could be areas where no living organism ever existed may be a bare rock or new water body. Secondary succession: succession that starts in areas that somehow, lost all the living organisms that existed there. Primary succession occurs in:
Secondary succession begins in areas where natural biotic communities have been destroyed such as
Since some soil or sediment is present, secondary succession is faster than primary succession. |
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| 704. |
What are Primary succession? |
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Answer» Succession that starts where no living organisms are there- these could be areas where no living organism ever existed may be a bare rock or new water body. |
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| 705. |
Define the term Standing crop. |
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Answer» Standing crop: Each trophic level has a certain mass of living material at a particular time called as the standing crop. The standing crop is measured as the mass of living organisms (biomass) or the number in a unit area. |
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| 706. |
Define climax community. |
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Answer» All the changes lead finally to a community that is in near equilibrium with the environment and that is called climax community. |
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| 707. |
Write the importance of such cycles in ecosystems. |
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Answer» Such cycles recycle nutrients again and again and maintain the balance in ecosystem. |
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| 708. |
(i) Four(ii) Five(iii) Six(iv) Seven |
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Answer» There are 4 steps in food chain. The other organisms in the food chain are consumers – they all get their energy and biomass by consuming (eating) other organisms. Most food chains are quite short, and they rarely consist of more than four steps. This is because a lot of energy is lost at each step. |
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| 709. |
Two students, Unni and Kannan studied inter specific interactions between different species. They made a table assigning a ‘+’ for beneficial interaction, for detrimental and ‘0’ for neutral interaction. Can you help them by naming the interaction between species in different cases ? Write one example for each interaction.Case numberSpecies ASpecies B1.++2.--3.+-4.+0 |
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Answer» 1-Mutualism Eg; Lichen 2-Competition Eg: Competition for food (Phytoplankton) between Flamingoes and Fishes 3 – Predation Eg: Lion and Deer 4 – Commensalism Eg: Epiphyte, Vanda and Mango tree |
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| 710. |
Which of the following organisms in the given food web act both as apredator and a prey?A. I,II and IVB. II,III and VC. II,III,V,VI and VIID. II,III and VI |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 711. |
Select the incorrect food chainA. Grass `rarr` Grasshopper `rarr` Frog `rarr` Snake `rarr` EagleB. Phytoplanktons `rarr` Zooplanktons `rarr` small fish `rarr` Large fishC. Diatoms `rarr` Zooplanktons `rarr` Small fishD. Grass `rarr` Frog `rarr` Vulture |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Frog is the secondary consumer, i.e., it feeds upon herbivore in a particular food chain but in the given food chain (option d) it is acting as a primary consumer hence, the given food chain is incorrect. 1 |
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| 712. |
Select the option that correctly identifies A,B and C in the table. A. `{:(A,B,C),("Top carnivore","Detritus","Secondary consumer"):}`B. `{:(A,B,C),("Top carnivore","Detritus","Primary consumer"):}`C. `{:(A,B,C),("Secondary consumer","Grazing","Secondary consumer"):}`D. `{:(A,B,C),("Scavanger","Grazing","Producer"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 713. |
Given figure represents two food chains (X and Y) linked together to form a food web. Identify the types of food cahin X and Y and the organism A that interconnects these food cahins.A. `{:(X,Y,A),("Detritus food chain","Grazing food chain","Bacterium"):}`B. `{:(X,Y,A),("Detritus food chan","Greing food chain","Detritivore"):}`C. `{:(X,Y,A),("Grazing food chain","Detitus food chain","Detritivore"):}`D. `{:(X,Y,A),("Grazing food chain","Detritus food chain","Grasshopper"):}` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 714. |
Which is not true of hydrophytesA. Poorly developed root systemB. Thin membranous leavesC. Poorly developed large air spacesD. Poorly developed vascular bundles |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C All hydrophytes show presence of large air chambers. The tissue that forms air chambers is called aerenchyma. |
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| 715. |
Food chain is a series of population which starts with producers. It is concerned with:A. energy flow and transfer of nutrientsB. biotic components onlyC. biotic and decomposersD. both (a) and (b) |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 716. |
A food chain starts withA. Nitrogen fixing organismsB. PhotosynthesisC. RespirationD. Decomposers |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B The food chain always begins from green plants which synthesize organic food by photosyntesis using solar energy. |
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| 717. |
A food chain starts withA. Nitrogen fixation organismsB. Photosynthesizing organismsC. RespirationD. Decomposers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 718. |
Nepenthes isA. Primary producersB. ConsumerC. Primary producer and consumerD. None of the above |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C Nepenthes is a chlorophyll containing plant so it synthesizes food by the process of photosynthesis thus it is a primary producer and because and because of being an insectivorous plant it consumes insects like grasshopper and other small insects, so it is also a consumer. |
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| 719. |
Nepenthes is aA. Primary producerB. ConsumerC. Both primary producer and consumerD. None of the above |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 720. |
Nepenthes belongs to the category ofA. Primary consumersB. ProducerC. Secondary consumersD. Both B and C |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Nepenthes belongs to the category of both producer and secondary consumer. |
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| 721. |
In an ecosystem:A. movement of energy is unidirectionalB. cycling of energy is an independent processC. macro and micronutrients cycle at the same paceD. cycling of energy and nutrients is a coupled process |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 722. |
The flow of energy in the ecosystem is:A. cyclicB. bidirectionalC. unidirectionalD. multidirectional |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 723. |
Which is the correct path of energy flow in an ecosystem?A. `"Producers" to "Carnivores" to "Herbivores" to "Decomposers"`B. `"Producers" to "Herbivores" to "Carnivores" to "Decomposers"`C. `"Herbivores" to "Carnivores" to " Producers" to "Decomposer"`D. `"Herbivores" to "Producers" to "Carnivores" to "Decomposers"` |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 724. |
Path of energy flow in an ecosystem isA. Herbivores `to` Producers `to` Carnivores `to` DecomposersB. Herbivores `to` Carnivores `to` Producers `to` DecomposersC. Producers `to` Carnivores `to` Herbivores `to` DecomposersD. Producers `to` Herbivores `to` Carnivores `to` Decomposers |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D Path of energy flow in an ecosystem is : Producers `to` and secondary consumer. |
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| 725. |
The correct path of enery flow in ecosystem is:A. producers `rarr` herbivores `rarr` carnivores `rarr` decomposersB. producers `rarr` carnivores `rarr` herbivores `rarr` decomposersC. herbivores `rarr` carnivores `rarr` producers `rarr` decomposersD. herbivores `rarr` producers `rarr` carnivores `rarr` decomposers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - A | |
| 726. |
Which one of the following components of ecosystem comes from outside ?A. OxygenB. TemperatureC. insectsD. Energy |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 727. |
Last organisms of the food chain are generallyA. photosynthetic plantB. herbivoresC. carnivoresD. decomposers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 728. |
In the food chain, the saprophytic organisms areA. producersB. consumersC. predatorsD. decomposers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 729. |
Which of the food chain directly depends on solar radiations?A. ParasiticB. GrazingC. DetritusD. None of these |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 730. |
Converters or transducer organisms in the food chain are calledA. herbivoresB. carnivoresC. decomposersD. producers |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 731. |
Which of the following is most responsible for increasing atmos pheric `CO_(2)` levels and upsetting the balance of the corbon cycel ?A. PhotosynthesisB. Activities of decomposersC. Aerobic respiration by plants and animalsD. Combustion of fossil fuels |
| Answer» Correct Answer - D | |
| 732. |
Which of the following least affects affects succession in a community ?A. Population growth ratesB. the niches occupied by different speciesC. Evolutionary relationship between organismsD. competition between organisms |
| Answer» Correct Answer - C | |
| 733. |
Mention name of two elements where reservoir pool is lithosphere. |
| Answer» Phosphorous, Sulphur | |
| 734. |
Climatic factors govern or decide type of community in secondary succession. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - True | |
| 735. |
Drawback of DDT as pesticide isA. It becomes ineffective after some timeB. It is less effective than othersC. It is not easily /rapidly degraded in natureD. Its high cost |
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Answer» Correct Answer - C DDT is non-degradable and so accumulates in the environment and it pass from organisms of one trophic level to another resulting into highest concentration in man. |
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| 736. |
How can you differentiate primary productivity from secondary productivity? |
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Answer» 1. Primary productivity - productivity at producer level 2. Secondary productivity – productivity at consumer level |
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| 737. |
In Hydrarch succession scrub stage is preccded by forest community. |
| Answer» Correct Answer - False. | |
| 738. |
Which among the following decomposers.(a) Autotrophs(b) Saprotrophs(c) Heterotrophs (d) Herbivores |
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Answer» (b) Saprotrophs |
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| 739. |
Mention the functions of ecosystem. |
Answer»
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| 740. |
Find out the stage given below which is not included in hydrarch succession. (a) Forest(b) Phytoplanktons(c) Lichens(d) Marsh-Meadow |
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Answer» (c) Lichens |
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| 741. |
Measurement of biomass in terms of dry weight is more accurate than fresh weight. Why? |
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Answer» Fresh Weight contains weight of water present inside the cells as cell sap. Where as dry weight is the actual weight of the materials making up the body of the organism. |
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| 742. |
The rate of biomass production in an ecosystem is called productivity. They are of two types, gross primary productivity and net primary productivity, how these two productivities are related? |
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Answer» Gross primary productivity of an ecosystem is the rate of production of organic matterduring photosynthesis. Gross primary productivity minus respiration losses (R), is the net primary productivity (NPP). i.e: GPP – R = NPP |
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| 743. |
Which among the following equation is related with net primary productivity?(a) GPP + R = NPP(b) NPP + GPP = R(c) GPP – R = NPP(d) R + R = GPP |
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Answer» (c) GPP-R = NPP |
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| 744. |
Connect the terms in the column A with suitable definition given below and ll up column B.AB1. Net primary productivity ...........2. Gross primary productivity ...........3. productivity ............4. Secondary productivity ..........(a) Rate of biomass production.(b) Rate of storage of organic matter by producers in excess of their metabolic consumption.(c) Rate of production of organic matter by plants during photosynthesis.(d) Rate of formation of new organic matter by consumers. |
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Answer» 1. b 2. c 3. a 4. d |
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| 745. |
Field survey by a team of students recorded the following data related to number of organisms in an ecosystem and plotted that into a figure shown below:Observe the figure and explain the pyramid. |
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Answer» It is the inverted pyramid. In this number of organism increases in the successive trophic levels. |
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| 746. |
By observing the relationship of the first pair fills up the blanks.(a) Net primary productivity =Gross primary productivity — Respiration.Gross primary productivity is ........(b) Carbon: Gaseous cyclePhosphorus: ............ |
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Answer» (a) total organic matter (b) sedimentary cycle |
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| 747. |
By observing the relationship of the first pair fill up the blanks:(a) Grazing food chain consists of producers and consumers whereas Detritus chain comprises dead organic matter and ........(b) Nitrogen : Gaseous cycleSulphur: .......... |
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Answer» (a) Detrivores (b) Sedimentary cycle |
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| 748. |
The transfer of energy from one trophic level to another is governed by the 2nd law of thermodynamics. The average efficiency of energy transfer from herbivores to carnivores isA. 0.05B. 0.1C. 0.25D. 0.5 |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B According to 10% law of lindeman, only 10% of energy is transferred from one trophic level to another, i.e. from herbivores to carnivores. |
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| 749. |
The `10%`energy transfer law of food chain was given byA. LindemannB. TransleyC. StanleyD. Weismann |
| Answer» Correct Answer - B | |
| 750. |
Assertion: Ecosystems are exempt from the Second Law of thermodynamics. Reason: Ecosystems need a constant supply of energy to synthesise the moelcules they require, to counteract the universal tendency towards decreasing disorderliness.A. If both assertion and reason are true and the reason is a correct explanation of the assertion.B. If both assertion and reason are true but reason is not a correct explanation of the assertion.C. If assertion is true but reason is false.D. If both assertion and reason are false. |
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Answer» Correct Answer - D `*` Ecosystem are not exempt from the Second Law of thermodynamics. `*` Ecosystem need a constant supply of energy to syntehsis the moeclues they require to counteract the universal tendency toward increasing disorderliness. |
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