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water will be converted into ice

Light travels with different velocity in different medium it depends upon the optical density of the medium. On the basis of the optical density and speed of light it is classified in to two parts.

Denser medium

Rarer medium

Optically denser medium, the medium in which the speed of light decreases.i.e. water

Optically rarer medium, the medium in which the speed of light increase.i.e. Air

The denser and rarer medium don't depend upon the density of the medium.

1. Particle Pollution (particulate matter)

Ground-level ozone.

Carbon monoxide.

Sulfur oxides.

Nitrogen oxides.

Lead

Health Effects:

Air pollution can harm us when it accumulates in the air in high enough concentrations.

Millions of Americans live in areas where urban smog, particle pollution, and toxic pollutants pose serious health concerns. People exposed to high enough levels of certain air pollutants may experience:  Irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat Wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, and breathing difficulties Worsening of existing lung and heart problems, such as asthma Increased risk of heart attackIn addition, long-term exposure to air pollution can cause cancer and damage to the immune, neurological, reproductive, and respiratory systems. In extreme cases, it can even cause death.

The environmental effects includes:

Acid rainEutrophicationHazeWildlife deathOzone depletionCrips and forest damageGlobal climatic changes

a material which can be turned into thin sheets on hammering ,is said to be malleable .metals are malleable . because metals can be beaten with a hammer to form thin sheets.

a material which can be turned into thin wire by stretching is said to be a ductile.metals are ductile because they can stretched.

Malleable is the property of metal in which metal can changed into thin sheet. Ductility is the property of metal in which a metal can be drawn into wires

Explain the meanings of malleable and ductile

The main difference is thatAcids are proton donors or electron pair acceptors whereas Base are proton acceptors or electron pair donors.

Acids are sour in taste while Bases are bitter in taste.

Acids are corrosive in nature whereas Bases are soapy in nature.

Acids turn blue litmus paper into red whereas in case of Bases they turn red litmus paper into blue.

Acids have pH less than 7 but Bases have pH greater than 7.

Acids react with metals to produce compound and hydrogen gas while bases do not react with metals .

Acids are able to increase the H+ ions concentration in an aqueous solution whereas Bases are able to increase the OH- ions in an aqueous solution.

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c) is correct answer

Solids are considered to be having least inter atomic spacing.

The force of attraction between the solid particles is high which binds it together. This bonding is quite poor in liquids and gases.

This is also the reason why the particles of solids have compact arrangement.

Hence, option a is correct.

option (a) soilds because in solids, particles are tightly packed so there will be less voids i.e inter atomic spacing

option (a) is the right answer.

c is the correct answer

option A is the correct answer

b poor conductor is the property makes it suitable to make covering of electrical wires

b) poor conductor to avoid mishap and conduction outside

Thelaw of conservation of mass statesthatmassin an isolated system is neither created nor destroyed bychemical reactionsor physical transformations.

According to thelaw of conservation of mass, themassof the products in achemical reaction must equal themassof the reactants.

Atoms are indivisible and indestructible.A chemicalreactionis a rearrangement of atoms. Modernatomic theoryis, of course, a little more involved thanDalton's theorybut the essence ofDalton's theoryremainsvalid. Today we know that atoms can be destroyed vianuclear reactionsbutnotby chemicalreactions.

maximum value of l = -5

(5) is correct answer

-5 is a correct answer

-5 is the correct answer to this question.

Maximum value of l =-5

5 is a correct answer

-5 is correct answer in this questions

The Maxim value of l for n =5 is -5

maxium value of I for n=-5

The degree of dissociation of 0.05M NH3 is 30

1) Primary amines react with nitrous acid to form alcohols and nitrogen gas. CH3NH2 +O=N–OH ----[CH3 –N=N-OH] +H20 (unstable)[CH3 –N=N-OH]-----CH3OH + N2

Aliphatic diazonium compound is unstable because of absence of resonance stabilisation.

2)Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitroso amines which are water insoluble yellow oils.

(CH3)2NH+HO–N=O---(CH3)2N – N = O+H2O

3)Tertiary amines react with nitrous acid to form trialkyl ammonium nitrite salts which are soluble in water. (CH3)3 N + HONO -----(CH3)3 NHNO2+

thanks

In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are formally derivatives of ammonia, wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group

Heat acetic acid with NH3 to get CH3CONH2Then reduce it with LiAlH4 to get ethyl amine(CH3CH2NH2)

Wateris a polar covalentcompound. When it comes in contact with any substance it breaks the electrostatic forces holding themoleculesof that substance. Thus, themoleculesbreakloosefrom the substance and hence dissolve inwater.

52 ... 253 .... 1.

(i) Combination reaction(ii) Decomposition reaction

weak, short-range electrostatic attractive forces between uncharged molecules, arising from the interaction of permanent or transient electric dipole moments

A few other suchstarshave been identified, and together they arecalledtheUrsa MajorMoving Group. ThestarsMerak (β Ursae Majoris) and Dubhe (α Ursae Majoris) areknown asthe "pointerstars" because they are helpful for finding Polaris, alsoknown asthe NorthStaror PoleStar.

The two star at the top of ursa major is know as => Mrak , Dubhe

We canseparate a mixturecontainingkerosene and petrolby simple distillation becausekerosene and petroldo not decompose on heating and their boiling points are sufficientlyapart

a. is the right optionOrtho nirtophenol is more steam volatile then para & meta -nitrophenol because O-nitrophenol forms intramolecular Hydrogen bond whereas Para and meta nitrophenol forms intermolecular hydrogen bond.

Methyl bromide on reaction with silver cyanide gives methyl isocyanideCH3Br + AgCN -----> CH3NC + AgBr

It should involve planning, action, and communication of the specific idea concerned related to environmental protraction, its logic, and how it will benefit people. It should involve short-term and long-term measures. The following can be done in this regards:--Make it one of the top priority of the government--It should be taught to all children from primary to middle class as core subject--This should not be just symbolic; but must imbibe instilling a realistic concern in all children--There should be awards and recognition for children who show good work in this regard--Promoting the idea through stories as ads on TV and radio--Planting saplings of trees; every tree cut for development projects must be replaced by planting at least 50-100 saplings.--Participating by government at international level and adopting the action plan in government policies--Awards, recognition and incentives for industrial set ups at green sites, and those who take initiatives for environment protection

(i)Ferromagnetism:–

Ferromagnetism: few substances like iron, cobalt, nickel, gadolinium and CrO2are strongly attracted by a magnetic field. Such substances are known as ferromagnetic substances. These substances can be permanently magnetised with the help of strong electrostatic field. The metal ions of ferromagnetic substances are grouped together into small regions called domains in solid state. So that each domain acts as a tiny magnet. The domains of un magnetized piece of a ferromagnetic are randomly oriented so that their magnetic moments get cancelled out. When such substance is placed in a magnetic field, all the domains get oriented in the direction of the magnetic field and a strong magnetic effect is produced. This ordering of domains remains same even when the magnetic field is removed and the ferromagnetic substance becomes a permanent magnet.

(IV)Antiferromagnetism:

Antiferromagnetic substances have domain structure similar to ferromagnetic substance. The domains of antiferromagnetic substance are oppositely oriented and cancel out each other's magnetic moment . Example MnO is a Antiferromagnetic substance.

As the name suggests, it has two oxygen atomsMnO2

रसायन विज्ञान में, एक ऑक्सीकरण एजेंट एक पदार्थ है जो अन्य पदार्थों को ऑक्सीकरण करने की क्षमता रखता है - दूसरे शब्दों में उन्हें इलेक्ट्रॉनों को खोने का कारण बनता है। आम ऑक्सीकरण एजेंट ऑक्सीजन, हाइड्रोजन पेरोक्साइड और हलोजन हैं

(a) Proton and neutron Electrons are outside the nucleus

1) We will electronic configuration to find the arrangement of respective electron.

A) Principal Quantum Number(n)=> It is denoted by 'n'=> Each value of 'n' denotes one Shell. Like :n= 1. :K - shelln= 2 : L - shell

B) Azimuthal Quantum Number (l) => This quantum Number denotes sub -shells denotes by "l'.=> Each value of l denotes subshell.

C) Magnetic Quantum Number:(m) => I+ describes the orientations of orbitals with respect to set of co-ordinate axes => It has values from -l to +l.

D) Spin Quantum Nunber :=> Denotes Spin of the electron. => It has values +1/2 or -1/2 which denotes clockwise or anti - clockwise spin.

mass of MgSO4.xH2O is = 24+32+64+x(18) = 120+18x. now when it is heated, all the H2O will be removed. that is 18x

so loss in Mass is 18x/(120+18x) = 51.2/100 (given=51.2% loss of mass) => 18x/120+18x = 0.512 => 18x = 0.512(120+18x) so, 0.488*18x = 61.44 => x = 61.44/18*(0.488) = 6.999 = 7.

In NO2, Nitrogen atom needs three hybridised orbitals to accomodate two sigma bonds and a single electron, so it has sp2hybridisation. Each of the three sp2hybrid orbitals in nitrogen has one electron and the p orbital also has one electron. After two sigma bonds, only one sp2hybrid orbital has one electron and one p orbital has one electron as well. The p orbital is involved in pi bond with one oxygen atom.

what will be structure?

u have taken a lot of my time

option (b) is correct.

option (a) is correct

Answer is option 2, as V is directly proportional to Temperature and inversly proportional to Pressure. So doubling both of them will result in constant Volume

D) is the correct answer

option d is the correct answer of the given question

option B is the correct answer

b is the correct answer

option b is the correct answer of the given question

Cooling takes place when heat is removed from a system. ... So, at same temperature of273K, large amount of heat will be removed byicefrom the surroundings than in case of water. Hence,ice at 273K is more effective in cooling than water at the same temperature

Atomsareelectrically neutralbecause they have equal numbers of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged).

Atom is electrically neutral because they have equal protons

I)afluidis a substance that continually deforms (flows) under an applied shear stress, or external force.Fluidsare a phase of matter and include liquids, gases and plasmas.

ii)Latent heat is the heat required to convert a solid into a liquid or vapour, or a liquid into a vapour, without change of temperature.

option 1 is the answer

Ac = v²/r = a

when V →2v then

A'c = (2v)²/r = 4v²/r = 4a

option a

As volume is decreased by 4 times it's concentration is increased by 4 times so rate of reaction will be 16 times initial rate