Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

In a galvanic cell energy changes occursas:

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CHEMICAL ENERGY `rarr` ELECTRICAL energy
Electrical energy `rarr` Electrical energy
Chemical energy `rarr`Internal energy
Internal energy`rarr` ELECTRIC energy

Answer :A
2.

In a galvanic cell electron flow will be from

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NEGATIVE electrode to POSITIVE electrode
Positive electrode to negative electrode
there will be no flow of electrons
Cathode to anode in the external circuit

Solution :`e^(-)` flow anode to cathode
3.

In a fuel cell, methanol is used as fuel oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction is CH_(3)OH(l)+(3)/(2)O_(2)(g)toCO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l) At 298K, standard Gibbs energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l),H_(2)O(l) and CO_(2)(g) are -166.2, -237.2 and -394.4 kJ mol^(-1) respectively. If standard enthalpy of combusion of methanol is -726 kJ mol^(-1), efficiency of the fuel cel will be

Answer»

0.8
0.87
0.9
0.97

Solution :`Delta_(R)G=-394.4+2(-237.2)-(-166.2)`
`=-702.6" kJ "mol^(-1)`
EFFICIENCY`=(Delta_(r)G)/(DELTAH)=(-702.6)/(-726)xx100=97%`
4.

In a galvanic cell cathode is positive electrode and anode is negative electrode.

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ANSWER :1
5.

In a galvanic cell, after running the cell for sometimes, the concentration of the electrolyte is automatically raised to 3 M HCl. Molar conductivity of the 3 M HCl is about "240 S cm"^(2)" mol"^(-1) and limiting molar conductivity of HCl is about "420 S cm"^(2)" mol"^(-1). If K_(b) of water is "0.52 K kg mol"^(-1), calculate the boiling point of the electrolyte at the end of the experiment.

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375.6 K
376.3 K
378.1 K
380.3 K

Answer :A
6.

In a galvanic cell,

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POTENTIAL ENERGY decreases
Kinetic energy decreases
potential energy CHANGES into ELECTRICAL energy
Chemical energy changes into electrical energy

Answer :D
7.

In a fuel cell methanol is used as fuel and oxygen is used as an oxidiser. The reaction is :CH_(3)OH(l)+(3)/(2)O_(2)(g)rarr CO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l)At 298 K, standard Gibb's energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l), H_(2)O(l)andCO_(2)(g) are -166.2, - 237.2 and -394.4 kJ/mol respectively. If standard enthalpy of combustion of methanol is - 726 kJ/mol, effeciency of the fuel cell will be :

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`80%`
`87%`
`90%`
`97%`

Solution :`CH_(3)OH (l) + (1)/(3)O_(2) (g) rarr CO_(2) (g) + 2H_(2)O (l)`
`Delta_(f) H = - 726 kJ//mole`
`Delta_(R) G = SIGMA Delta_(f) G_("products") - Sigma Delta_(f) G_("ractants")`
`[Delta_(f) G_(CO_(2)) + 2 xx Delta_(f) G_(H_(2)O)] - [Delta_(f) G_(CH_(3)OH) + (3)/(2) Delta_(f) G_(O_(2))]`
`= [- 394.4 + 2 xx (- 237.2)] - [- 166.2 + (3)/(2) (0)]`
`= - 702.6 kJ//mol`
`% efficiency = (Delta_(f) G)/(Delta_(f)H) xx 100 = (- 702.6)/(- 726) xx 100`
= 96.77% = 97%
8.

In a fuel cell methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction isCH_(3)OH(l)+(3)/(2)O_(2)(g)rarrCO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l) At 298 K standard Gibb's energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l), H_(2)O(l) and CO_(2)(g) are -166.2, -237.2 and -394.4 kJ mol^(-1) respectively. If standard enthalpy of combustion of methanol is -726 kJ mol^(-1), efficiency of the fuel cell will be

Answer»

0.8
0.87
0.9
0.97

Solution :`CH_(3)OH(l)+(3)/(2)O_(2)(g)rarrCO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l)`
`DeltaG_(r)=DeltaG_(F)(CO_(2)(g)+2DeltaG_(f)(H_(2)O(l))-DeltaG_(f)(CH_(3)OH(l))`
`-(3)/(2)DeltaG_(f)(O_(2)(g))`
`=-394.4+2(-237.2)-(-166.2)-0`
`=-394.4-474.4+166.2=-868.8+166.2`
`DeltaG_(r)=-702.6 kJ`
% EFFICIENCY = `(702.6)/(726)xx100=97%`.
9.

In a fuel cell methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction is CH_(3)OH(l)+3/2 O_(2)(g) rarr CO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l) at 298 K standard Gibb's energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l), H_(2)O(l) and CO_(2)(g) are -166.2, -237.2 and -394.4" kJ mol"^(-1) respectively. If standard enthalpy of combustion of methanol is -726" kJ mol"^(-1), efficiency of the fuel cell will be -

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`87 %`
`90 %`
`97 %`
`80 %`

Solution :`CH_(3)OH(l)+3/2 O_(2) (g) rarr CO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l)`
`DeltaG^(@)=DeltaG_(P)^(@)-DeltaG_(R)^(@)`
`DeltaG^(@)=[DeltaG_(CO_(2))^(@)+2DeltaG_(H_(2)O)^(@)]-[DeltaG_(CH_(3)OH)^(@)+3/2 DeltaG_(O_(2))^(@)]`
`-394.4+2xx(-237.2)-[166.2]`
`-868.8-166.2`
`G_(1)G^(@)=-702.6" KJ/mol"`
EFFICENCY `=(DeltaG^(@))/(DeltaH^(@))xx100=(-702.6 kJ)/(-726 kJ)xx100=96.77%`
`[DeltaG_("USEFUL WORK")=DeltaH_("total energy")-TDeltaS_("useless work")]`
10.

In a fuel cell methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidizer. The reaction is CH_(3)OH(l)+3/2O_(2)(g)toCO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l) At 298 K standard Gibb’s energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l),H_(2)O(l)andCO_(2)(g)" are "-166.2,-237.2and-394.4kJmol^(-1) respectively. If standard enthalpy of combustion of methanol is -726kJmol^(-1), efficiency of the fuel cell will be -

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0.87
0.9
0.97
0.8

Answer :C
11.

In a fuel cell methanol is used as fuel and oxygen gas is used as an oxidiser. The reaction is CH_(3)OH(l)+3/2O_(2)(g)toCO_(2)(g)+2H_(2)O(l) AT 298 K standard Gibbs energies of formation for CH_(3)OH(l),H_(2)O(l)andCO_(2)(g)" are "-166.2,-237.2and-394.4kJmol^(-1) respectively. If standard enthalpy of combustion of methanol is -726kJmol^(-1), efficiency of the fuel cell will be

Answer»

0.8
0.87
0.9
0.97

Solution :`DeltaG_(F)^(@)(O_(2))=0`. Calculate `DeltaG_(f)^(@)` reaction and then APPLY : Efficiency `(DELTAG^(@))/(DeltaH^(@))xx100`.
12.

In a fuel cell hydrogen and oxygen react to produce electricity. In the process hydrogen gas is oxidised at the anode and oxygen at the cathode. If 67.2 litres of H_(2) at STP react in 15 minutes, what is the average current produced? If the entire current is used for electrodeposition of copper from Cu (II) solution, how many grams of copper will be deposited ? Anode reaction : H_(2) + 2OH^(-) rarr 2H_(2)O + 2e^(-) Cathode reaction : O_(2) + H_(2) O + 4e^(-) rarr 4OH^(-)

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SOLUTION :Eq. of HYDROGEN = no. of faradays of ELECTRICITY = eq. of Cu DEPOSITED
13.

In a fuel cell H2 and 02 react to produce electricity. In this process 67.2 It of H_2at NTP reacted in 16 min and 5 sec. What is the average current produced.

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200 AMP
400 amp
500 amp
600 amp

Answer :D
14.

In a flask, the weight ratio of CH_(4) (e) and SO_(2) (g) at 298 K and I bar is 1 : 2. The ratio of the number of molecules of SO_(2) (g) and CH_(4) (g) is

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`1:4`
`4:1`
`1:2`
`2:1`

SOLUTION :Let mass of `CH_(4)(G) = 1g`
Number of moles of `CH_(4)(nCH_(4)) =1/16`
Number of MOLECULES of `CH_(4)(g) = 1/16 xx N_(A)`
Let the mass of `SO_(2)(g) = 2g`
Number of moles of `SO_(2)(g) (n_(SO_(2))) = 2/64`
Number of molecules of `SO_(2)(g) = 2/64 xx N_(A)`
Ratio of number of molecules of `SO_(2)` (e) and number of molecules of `CH_(4)`(g)
`=2/64 xx N_(A) : 1/16 xx N_(A) rArr 1/32 : 1/16 rArr 1:2`
15.

In a first reaction at 27^(@) C and 47^(@)C 50% reaction complete in 30 min.and 10 min.Calculate the energy of activation.

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SOLUTION :43857 J `MOL^(-1)`
16.

In a flask colourless N_2O_4 is in equilibrium with brown colourless NO_2. At equilibrium when the flask is heated at 100^Oc the brown colour deepens and on cooling it becomes less coloured. The change in enthalpy DaltaH, for the system is:

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Negative
Positive
Zero
Undefined

Answer :B
17.

In a fission reaction the nucleus of an element

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Loses only some elementary NUCLEAR PARTICLES from another nuclear
Captures some elementary nuclear particles from another nucleus
Breaks up into several SMALLER nuclei
Breaks up into two smaller nuclei with the LOSS of some elementary nuclear particles

Solution :The definition of nuclear fission
18.

In a first order reaction x rarry , if k is the rate constant and the initial concentration of the reactant x is 0.1 M , then , the half life is ...........

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`((log2)/K)`
`((0.693)/((0.1)k)`
`((ln2)/k)`
none of these

SOLUTION :`k=(1/t)LN(([A_0])/([A]))`
`[A_0]=0.1,[A]=0.05`
`k=(1/t_(1//2))ln((0.1)/(0.05))`
`k=(1/(t_1//2))ln(2)impliest_(1//2)=(ln(2))/k`
19.

In a first order reaction the time reaquired for the concentration to decrease from 6 moles to 3 moles is 40 minutes in such a reaction what time will be taken for the conversion reactant from 12 moles to 6 moled?

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20 minutes
40 minutes
80 minutes
160 minutes

Answer :B
20.

In a first order reaction ,the concentration of the reactant,decreases from 0.8 M to 0.4 M in 15 minutes .The time taken for the concentration to change from 0.1 M to 0.025 M is……

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7.5 minutes
15 minutes
30 minutes
60 minutes

Answer :C
21.

In a first order reaction , the concentration of the reactant is reduced to 1/8 of the initial concentration in 75 minutes at 298 K . What is the half-life period of the reaction in minutes

Answer»

50
15
45
25

Solution :Let a = 1 , a-x = 1/8 , t = 75 min
For first order reaction
`k = (2.303)/(t)` LOG `(a)/(a-x)`
`k = (2.303)/(75)` log `(1)/(1//8) = (2.303 xx 0.903)/(75) "min"^(-1)`
For first order reaction
`t_(1//2) = (0.693)/(k) = (0.693 xx 75)/(2.303 xx 0.903) = 25` min .
22.

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant is reduced from 0.6 mol L^(-1) to 0.2 mol L^(-1) in 5 minutes. Calculate the rate constant of the reaction.

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Solution :Substituting the values in the first ORDER EQUATION
`k=(2.303)/(t)"LOG"([R]_(0))/([R])`
`k=(2.303)/(5"MIN")xx"log"(0.6)/(0.2) or k=(2.303)/(5)xx log3`
or `k=(2.303)/(5)xx0.4771=0.2198`
23.

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the . reactant is decreased from 1.0M to 0.25M in 20 minute. The rate constant of the reaction would

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`10 MI n^(-1)`
`6.93 mi n^(-1)`
`0.693mi n^(-1)`
`0.0693 mi n^(-1)`

SOLUTION :`t= 2.303/klog. (a)/((a-x))`
`:. K=2.303/20log. (1)/0.25`
`- 0.06931 MIN^(-1)`
24.

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant is decreased from 1.0 M to 0.25 M in 20 minute. The rate constant of the reaction would be

Answer»

`10min^-1`
`6.931min^-1`
`0.6931min^-1`
`0.06931min^-1`

ANSWER :D
25.

In a first order reaction the concentration of the reactant decreases from 800 mol/ dm^(3) to 50 mol/ dm^(3) in 2xx10^(4) sec . The rate constant of the reaction in sec^(-1) is :

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`2XX10^(4)`
`3.45xx10^(-5)`
`1.386xx10^(-4)`
`2xx10^(-4)`

Solution :(C ) k = `(2.303)/(t) "log" ([A]_(0))/([A])`
`k = (2.303)/(2xx10^(4))"log" (800)/(50) = 1.38 xx10^(-4) s^(-1)`
26.

In a first order reaction the a/(a - x) was found tu be 8 after 10 minute. The rate constant is

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`(2.303xx3log2)//10`
`(2.303xx21og3)//10`
`10 XX 2.303 xx 2 log 3`
`10 xx 2.303 xx 3 log 2`

SOLUTION :`t= 2.303/k log. (a)/((a-x))`
Thus, `k= 2.303/10log8 = 2.303/10log2^3`
`= (2.303xx 3log2)/10`
27.

In a first order reaction the concentration of the reactant decreases from 0.8 to 0.4 M in 15 minutes . The time taken for the concentration to change from 0.1 M to 0.025 M is :

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a) 7.5 MINS
B) 15 mins
C) 30 mins
d) 60 mins

Solution :(C ) `t_(1//2) ` is 15 MIN
`:.` Conc . Reduces from 0.1 to0.025 M in `2t_(1//2)`
i.e 30 min
28.

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant, decreases from 0.8 M to 0.4 M in 15 minutes. The time taken for the concentration to hange from 0.1 M to 0.025 M is

Answer»

30 minutes
60 minutes
7.5 minutes
15 minutes

Solution :`0.8Moverset(15"MIN")(to)0.4M ,0.1overset(15)(to)0.05overset(15)(to)0.025`
29.

In a first order reaction, the concentration of the reactant, decrease from 0.8M to 0.4M in 15minutes. The time taken for the concentration to changes from 0.1M to 0.025M is

Answer»

7.5 minutes
15 minutes
30 minutes
60 minutes

Solution :The `t_((1)/(2))` is 15 minuts. To fall the concentrationn from 0.1 to 0.025 we need TWO HALF LIVES i.e., 30 minutes.
30.

In a first order reaction, the (a)/(a-x) was found to be 10 min. The rate constant is

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`((2.303xx3log2))/(10)`
`((2.303xx2log3))/(10)`
`10xx2.303xx2log3`
`10xx2.303xx3log2`

ANSWER :A
31.

In a first order reaction the (a)/((a-x)) value was found to be 10 after 15 minutes . The rate constant of the reaction is

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`0.153 "MIN"^(-1)`
`0.135 "min"^(-1)`
`0.315 "min"^(-1)`
`0.351 "min"^(-1)`

Solution :`K = (2.303)/(t)` LOG `(a)/(a-x)`
`k = (2.303)/(15)` log 10 = `0.153 "min"^(-1)`
32.

In a first order reaction , on plotting a graph between t_(1//2) and concentration of reactant

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A curve is obtained
A STRAIGHT line is obtained having slope `45^@`
A straight line is parallel to TIME axis
A straight line is parallel to the concentrationaxis

Answer :D
33.

In a first-order reaction of the type: A(g)to2B(g), the initial and final pressures are P_(1) and p respectively. The rate constant can be expressed by

Answer»

<P>`k=1/t"LN"(p_(1))/(2p_(1)-p)`
`k=1/t"ln"(p_(1))/(p_(1)-p)`
`k=1/t"ln"(p_(1))/(p-p_(1))`
`k=1/t"ln"(p_(1))/(p)`

ANSWER :A
34.

In a first-order reaction, it takes the reactant 40.5 minutes to be 25% decomposed. Find the rate constant of the reaction.

Answer»

Solution :SINCE the reactant is 25% DECOMPOSED in 40.5 min, the remaining reactants is `75%," i.e."(a-x)=0.75" at "40.5" min."`
`k=(2.303)/(t)LOG""(a)/(a-x)=(2.303)/("40.5 min")log""(a)/(0.75a)`
`=0.05686log" 1.33 min"^(-1)`
`=0.05686xx0.1249" min"^(-1)`
`=7.1xx10^(-3)" min"^(-1)`
35.

In a first order reactiona//(a-x) was found to be 8 after l0minute. The rate constant is

Answer»

`(2.303xx3 LOG2)//10`
`(2.303xx2log3)//10`
`10xx2.303xx2log3`
`10xx2.303xx3log2`

ANSWER :A
36.

In a first order reaction ArarrBif k is rate constant and initial concentration of the reactant A is 0.5 M then the half - life is :

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`("LOG"2)/(k) `
`("log"2)/(ksqrt(0.5))`
`(In2)/(k)`
`(0.693)/(0.5 k)`

Solution :(C ) `t_(1//2) ` for a FIRST ORDER reaction is :
`t_(t//2) = (0.693)/(k) "or " = (In2)/(k)`
37.

In a first-order reactionA to pif it takes 20 minutes to bring about decompositionof 30% of the initial substance, calculate the time to decompose (i) 60% of it, and (ii) all of it.

Answer»

SOLUTION :51.3 MIN, INFINITE
38.

In a first - order reaction A to B, if K is the rate constant and initial concentration of the reactant is 0.5 M, then half-life is

Answer»

`("In"2)/(K)`
`("In"2)/(Ksqrt(0.5))`
`(log_(10)2)/(K)`
`(0.693)/(0.5K)`

ANSWER :A
39.

In a first order reaction A rarr products , 60% of the given sample of A decomposes in 40 min . What is the halg life of the reaction .

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Solution :`k=(2.303)/tloga/(a-x)`
`k=(2.303)/(40min)log(100)/((100-60))impliesk=(2.303)/40log(100/40)`
`k=0.05575(0.3979)impliesk=0.02287"MIN"^(-1)`
`t_(1//2)=(0.6932)/k=(0.6932)/(0.02287)`
`t_(1//2)=30.31min`.
40.

In a first order reaction A to B , if k is rate constant an initial concentration of the reactant A is 0.5 M then the half - life is

Answer»

`(0.693)/(0.5 K)`
`(LOG 2 )/(K)`
`(log 2 )/(K SQRT(0.5))`
`("In"2)/(K)`

Answer :B
41.

In a first order reaction A rarr product, 80% of the given sample of compound decomposes in 40 min. What is thehalf life period of the reaction ?

Answer»

Solution :GIVEN, 80% of sample DECOMPOSES
Time = 40 MIN.
`t_(1//2)` (half life = ? )
Consider, initial concentration of sample is 100.
`:.[A]_(o)=100`
`:.[A]_(t)=100-80`
`=20 ` Final concentration
`:.k=(2.303)/(t)log_(10).([A]_(o))/([A]_(t))`
`=(2.303)/(40)log_(10).(100)/(20)`
`=(2.303)/(40) log_(10)5`
`=(2.303)/(40)xx0.6989`
`k=0.04024`
`:.` Half life `t_(1//2)=(0.693)/(k)`
`=(0.693)/(0.04024)=17.22`
Half-life is `17.22` min.
42.

In a first order reaction, A+B to , If K is rate constant and initial concentration of the reactant A is 0.5M, then the half-life is

Answer»

(`log`2)/(k)
(LOG2)/(ksqrt(0.5))
`(IN2)/(k)`
`(0.693)/(0.5k)`

Solution :For a first order reaction `k=(2.303)/(t)"log"(a)/(a-x)`
When `t=t_((1)/(2))`
`k=(2.303)/(t_((1)/(2)))"log"(a)/(a-a//2)`
or, `t_((1)/(2))=(2.303)/(k)"log"_(10)2=(In2)/(k)`
43.

In a first order reaction, 20% reaction is completed in 24 minutes.The percentage of reactat remaining after 48 minutes is

Answer»

60
64
81
80

Answer :B
44.

In a fcc lattice, the number of neighbours for a given lattice point is ............

Answer»

12 
8 
6 
14 

ANSWER :A
45.

In a first order reaction, 0.16 moles of reactant decreases to 0.02 moles in 144 minutes, its half life is

Answer»

24 MIN
12 min
72 min
48 min

Answer :D
46.

In a fcc lattice, atom A occupies the corner positionsand atom B occupies the face centred position. If one atom of B is missing from one of the face centred points, the formula of the compound is

Answer»

`A_2B`
`AB_2`
`A_2B_3`
`A_2B_5`

SOLUTION :`{:("ATOM A","Atom B"),(Z=8xx1/8=1 , Z=5xx1/2=5/2):}`
`rArr A:B=1:5/2 rArr` 2:5
So, formula of COMPOUND will be `A_2B_5`
47.

Element 'A' and 'B' form a compound with cubic structure in which 'A' atoms are at the corners of the cube and 'B' atoms at the face centres. What is the formula of the compound ?

Answer»

Solution :Number of A type ATOMS in the UNIT cell, `8 xx 1/8 =1`
Number of B type atoms in the unit cell, `6 xx 1/2 =3`
Hence the formula is `AB_3`
48.

Ina fcc arrangement, the corner atoms are A type and those at face centres are B type. What is the simplest formula of the compound ?

Answer»

SOLUTION :Number of A type atoms in the UNIT cell, `8 xx 1/8 =1`
Number of B type atoms in the unit cell, `6 xx 1/2 =3`
Hence the FORMULA is `AB_3`
49.

In a factory, 40 kg of calcium is produced in 2 hours. If capacity of flow of current is 50%, then how much aluminium can be obtained by passing same current for 2 hours ?

Answer»

22 kg
18 kg
9 kg
27 kg

Solution :`(W_(Ca))/(E_(Ca))=(W_(Al))/(E_(Al))`
`therefore (40)/(20)=(W_(Al))/(9)`
`therefore W_(Al)=18KG`.
50.

In a face centred unit cell (fcc), the number of atoms present is :

Answer»

4
2
3
5

Answer :A