Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

This section includes 7 InterviewSolutions, each offering curated multiple-choice questions to sharpen your Current Affairs knowledge and support exam preparation. Choose a topic below to get started.

1.

Give any two differences between Frenkel and Schottky defects .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
2.

write any two differences between lyophilic and lyophobic colloids .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
3.

Give any three uses of benzoic acid.

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Solution :(i) Benzoic acid is used as an URINARY antiseptic.
(ii) SODIUM benzoate is used as food preservative.
(III) Benzoic acid VAPOURS are used to disinfeet BRONCHIAL tube.
Discussion
4.

Give any three uses of copper.

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Solution :Cu is used making household electrical WIRING.
Cu is used for making cooking utensils, BOILERS, kettles, etc.
Cu is used for making coins.
Cu is not attacked by water hence it is used for making water PIPES.
Cu is used for electroplating and for making PRINTED electronic CIRCUIT boards.
Cu is used for making alloys such as brass, bronze and german silver. These are used for making decorative articles, attractive coatings, etc.
Discussion
5.

Give any three methods to prepare carbon monoxide.

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SOLUTION :(i) CARBON monoxide can be prepared by the reaction of carbon with limited amount of oxygen.
`2C+O_(2)to2CO`
(ii) On industrial scale carbon monoxide is produced by the reaction of carbon with air.
`2C+O_(2)//N_(2)("air")tounderset(("PRODUCER gas"))(2CO+N_(2))`
(iii) Pure carbon monoxide is prepared by warming methanoic acid with CONCENTRATED sulphuric acid which act as a dehydrating agent.
`HCOOH+H_(2)SO_(4)toCO+H_(2)O+H_(2)SO_(4)`
Discussion
6.

Give any three differencebetween DNAand RNA .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
7.

Give any three difference between DNA and RNA.

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
8.

Give any three application of adsorption

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Solution :(i) Fuller's earth and silica gel are used for refining PROCESS. Sugar prepared from molasses is decolourised to remove coloured impurities by ADDING animal charcoal which acts as decolourising material. (iii) Catalysis is an important branch of SURFACE chemistry which is based on the phenomenon of adsorption of materials on the CATALYST surface.
Discussion
9.

Give any one of the commerical names of PMMA. State its two important uses.

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Solution :Perspex or Lucite.
Uses. 1 Lenses. 2 in sign boards and PLASTIC JEWELLERY due to its PROPERTY of ACQUIRING beautiful colours.
Discussion
10.

Give any three characteristics of ionic crystals.

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Solution :(i) Ionic solids have high melting POINTS.
(ii) These solids do not CONDUCT electricity, because the ions are FIXED in their lattice positions.
(iii) They do conduct electricity in MOLTEN state (or) when DISSOLVED in waterbecause, the ions are free to move in the moltenstate or solution.
Discussion
11.

Give any one property of glucose that cannot be explained by the open chain stucture ( b) Compare amylase in terms of constituting stucture . (c )Why do amino acids show amphoteric behaviour ?

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Solution :Glucose doent's undergo 2,4 -DNP test ,shcff 's test .Actually aldehyde give 2,4 -DNP test SCHIFF's test and react with `NaHSO_4` forms hydrogen sulphite addition product .
( b) AMYLOSE is a LONG unbronched chain with 200- 1000 `alpha`- D-(+)glucose unnits held by `Cl-C_4` glycosidic linkage

Amylopection is a bronhed chain of `aplha` - D- glucose units in which the chain is formed by `Cl-C4` glycosidic linkage ,whereas bronching occurs by C1-C6 glycoside linkage .

( c) The amphoteric behaviour of amino acids is explained when it is present in its aqueous state .In an acqueous solution , the carboxyl group of an amino acid can a LOSE a proton and the amino group can accept a proton.
Discussion
12.

Give any four points of differences between physical and chemical adsorption .

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
13.

Give any fourdifferencesbetween DNAand RNA

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
14.

Give any four characteristics of a non-ideal solution showing positive deviations.

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Solution :Positive deviations from Raoult.s law : Here the PARTIAL PRESSURE component .A. in the mixture of .A. and .B. is more than that CALCULATED from Raoult.s law. Similarly, the partial vapour pressure of component .B. can be higher than calculated from Raoult.s law. For example, water and ethanol, chloroform and water, benzene and methanol, acetic acid and toluence, acetone and ethanol, methanol and `H_2O `. In other words, force of attraction between`A HARR B lt A harr A and B harr B.`
For positive deviation, `Delta H_("Mixing") = + ve and Delta V _("(mix)")= + v e`
Negative deviations from Raoult.s law : (Here the partial vapour pressure of component .A. is found to be less than calculated from Raoult.s law on adding the second component .B.. When .A. is added to .B., the partial vapour pressure of solution is less than that of IDEAL solution of same composition. For example, chloroform and acetone, chloroform and methyl acetate, `H_2Oand HCI, H_2 O and HNO_3` etc.
Discussion
15.

Give any five chemical differences between aromatic ether and an aliphatic ether.

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SOLUTION :
Discussion
16.

Give any 4 properties of group -18 elements.

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Solution :(i) Electronic configuration `- ns^(2)np^(6)` except helium `(1s^(2))`
(II) Atomic radii increase down the GROUP.
(iii) They have HIGH ionization enthalpy values.
(iv) They have zero electron gain ethalpy values.
(V) They have low melting and boiling points due to weak VAN der Waals. forces. Helium has lowest boiling points. (4.2 K)
Discussion
17.

Give any 2 general characteristics of actinoids.

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SOLUTION :(i) All of them are radioactive.
(ii) They are paramagnetic in nature.
(iii) The element after URANIUM `(Z = 92)` are CALLED transuranium elements and they are SYNTHETIC elements or MAN made elements.
Discussion
18.

Give and explain the reaction used to estimation of ozone.

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Solution :Ozone OXIDISES POTASSIUM iodide to iodine.
`O_(3)+2KI+H_(2)Orarr 2KOH +O_(2)+I_(2)`
This reaction is quantitative and can be USED for estimation of ozone.
Discussion
19.

Give and explain reducing behaviour of sulphur dioxide.

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Solution :As Sulphur dioxide can readily be oxidised, it acts as a reducing agent. It reduces CHLORINE into hydrochloric acid.
`SO_(2)+2H_(2)O+Cl_(2)rarr H_(2)SO_(4)+2HCl`
It also reduces potassium permanganate and dichromate to `Mn^(2+) and CR^(3+)` respectively.
`2KMnO_(4)+5SO_(2)+2H_(2)Orarr K_(2)SO_(4)+2MnSO_(4)+2H_(2)SO_(4)`
`K_(2)Cr_(2)O_(7)+3SO_(2)+H_(2)SO_(4)rarr K_(2)SO_(4)+Cr_(2)(SO_(4))_(3)+H_(2)O`
Discussion
20.

Give an illustration of Reimer - Tiemann reaction.

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Solution :When phenol REACTS with `CHCl_(3)` and `KOH` at `60^(@)C`, salicylaldehyde is formed.
Discussion
21.

Give an expression to find out rate of a reaction according to collision theory.

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Solution :Rate ` = PZ_(AE). E^(-(EA)/(RT))`, Where P is probability factor
`Z_(AB)` COLLISION frequency of reactants A and B
`e^(-(Ea)/(RT))` FRACTION of molecules with energies EQUAL to or greater than `E_(a)`.
Discussion
22.

Give an example where physisorption charges to chemisorption with rise in temperatue. Explain the reason for the change.

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Solution :Adsorrption of `H_(2)` on finely DIVIDED NICKEL at room temperature is due to PHYSISORPTION. As temperature is INCREASED, `H_(2)` dissociates into atoms which are HELD on the surface of nikel by chemisorption.
Discussion
23.

Give an expression for Freundlich adsorption isotherm.

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SOLUTION :`(X)/(m)=KPP^(1//n)(NGT1)`.
Discussion
24.

Give an example where physisorption changes to chemisorption with rise in temperature. Explain the reason for the change.

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Solution :Physisorption of HYDROGEN on finely DIVIDED NICKEL involves weak van der Waal.s forces. With rise of temperature, hydrogen molecules dissociate into hydrogen atoms which are held on to the SURFACE by CHEMICAL bonds. i.e., chemisorption takes place.
Discussion
25.

Give an example where physisorption changes to chemisorption with rise in temperature. Explain the reason for change.

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Solution :The adsorption of hydrogen on finely DIVIDED nickel is due to weak VAN der Waals. forces. Thus, it is an example of physisorption. However, when the temperature is RAISED, the H, molecules breaks into H-atoms which are held by chemical adsorption on the SURFACE of the nickel.
Discussion
26.

Gelatin is generally addid to ice creams. Why?

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Solution :Ice cream is an emulsion of milk or cream in WTER, i.e., oil-in-water TYPE. Celatin is added to ACT as an EMULSIFIER, i.r., it HELPS to stabilized the emulsion.
Discussion
27.

Give an example to show the effect of concentration of nitric acid on the formation of oxidation product.

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Solution : Dilute and concentrated nitric acid gives DIFFERENT oxidation PRODUCTS on reaction with copper METAL.
`3Cu + 8HNO_3(DIL.)to 3Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2NO+ 4H_2O`
`Cu+ 4HNO_3( conc. ) to Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2NO_2 + 2H_2O`
NO and `NO_2` are the oxidation products OBTAINED with dil. `HNO_3 ` and conc. `HNO_3` respectively.
Discussion
28.

Gelatin acts as a protective colloid. Explain.

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Solution :Gold sol is a lyophobic colloid which are READILY precipitates with SMALL amount of electrolytes. But they can be stabilised by the ADDITION of small amount of lyophillic colloid like GELATIN. Thus gelatin acts as a PROTECTIVE colloid for gold sol.
Discussion
29.

Give an example to show the effect of concentration of nitric acid on the formation of oxidation product ?

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Solution :Depending upon the concentration, `HNO_(3)` REACTS with METALS to give DIFFERENT oxidation products. With dil. `HNO_(3)`, NO is formed while with conc. `HNO_(3), NO_(2)` is formed. For example,
`{:(3Cu + 8 HNO_(3)(dil.)RARR 3 Cu (NO_(3))_(2) + 2NO + 4 H_(2)O),(Cu + 4 HNO_(3)(conc.)rarr Cu (NO_(3))_(2) + 2 NO_(2) + 2 H_(2)O):}`
Discussion
30.

Give anexample ofzonerefiningof metals.

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SOLUTION :Highlypurifiedmetals likegermaniumneededfor makinsemiconductorsis preparedbyzonerefining . Thepurifiedmetalcontainsas littleas 7- 10ppm ofimpurities.
Discussion
31.

Gel is:

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LIQUID DISPERSED in gas
liquid dispersed m solid
solid dispersed in gas
gas dispersed in solid

SOLUTION :liquid dispersed m solid
Discussion
32.

Give an example for a zero order reaction.

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Solution :`2NH_(3)overset("Mo, heat")UNDERSET("high pressure")rarr N_(2)+3H_(2)"rate "=K[NH_(3)]^(0)`
Discussion
33.

Gebriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for the preparation of aliphatic primary amines. Explain.

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Solution :In aromatic amines, the lone pair of ELECTRONS on the N-atom is delocalized over the benzene ring. As a result electron density on THENITROGEN atom decreases. Whereas in aliphatic primary amines, due to `+I` effect of alkyl GROUP, electron density on NITROGEN atom increases. As the `pK_(b)` VALUE of aliphatic amines is less than that of aromatic amines, aromatic amines are less basic than primary aliphatic amines. Hence, Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is preferred for the preparation of aliphatic amines.
Discussion
34.

Ge(II) compounds are powerful reducing agents whereas Pb(IV) compounds are strong oxidants. It is because

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Pb is more electropositive than Ge
Ionization potential of lead is less than that of Ge
Ionic RADII of `Pb^(2+) and Pb^(4+)` are larger than those of `Ge^(2+) and Ge^(4+)`
of more pronounced inert pair EFFECT in lead than in Ge

Solution :Ge(II) tends to acquire Ge(IV) state by loss of electrons. Hence it is REDUCING in nature. Pb(IV) tends to acquire Pb(II) O.S by grain electrons. Hence it is oxidising in nature. This is due to inert pair effect.
Discussion
35.

Give an example of sulpha drugs.

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Solution :SULPHAPYRIDINE is used for treatment of PNEUMONIA and sulphaguanidine is used for treatment of severe BACILLARY DYSENTERY.
Discussion
36.

Geiger and Marsden's experiment, which established the nuclear model of the atom, used a beam of :

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`BETA-`particles, which impinged on a metal foil and got absorbed
`GAMMA` rays, which impinged on a metal foil and EJECTED electrons
hydrogen atoms, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered
helium nuclei, which impinged on a metal foil and got scattered

Answer :D
Discussion
37.

Gd^(+3) ions has electronic configuration

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`4f^(0) , 5D ^(0), 6S^(0) `
`f ^(7) , 5d^(1), 6s^(0)`
`4f ^(7), 5d^(0), 6s^(0)`
`f^(7), 6d^(0), 7S^(0)`

Answer :C
Discussion
38.

Gay-Lussac's law of combining volume is applicable for those gases which on mixing:

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Do not react
React with each other
Diffuse
All of the above

Answer :B
Discussion
39.

Gattermann reactionismodifiedformof

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diazotizations REACTION
HOFMANN's bromidereaction
Sandmeyersreaction
Ullaman reaction

ANSWER :C
Discussion
40.

Give an example of sulfa drug.

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SOLUTION :SULFADIAZINE or sulfapyridine.
Discussion
41.

Gattermannreactionconvertbenzenediazoniumchloride to(1)Chlordobenezene(2)bromobenzene (3) toluene(4) nitrobenzene

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1,4
2,3
2,3,4
1,2

ANSWER :D
Discussion
42.

Gauche form in less stable than anti form in

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ETHYLENE GLYCOL
Succinec ACID
BUTANE
Ethylene damine

Solution :
Discussion
43.

Gastric juice contains about 3.0 g of HCl per litre. If a person produces about 2.5 litre of gastric juice per day, how may antacid tablets each containing 400 mg of Al(OH)_(3) are needed to neutralize all the HCl produced in one day.

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Solution :HCl is neutralized by `Al(OH)_(3)` according to the EQUATION,
`UNDERSET(27+3xx17=78g)(Al(OH)_(3))+underset(3xx36.5=109.5g)(3HCl)rarrAlCl_(3)+3H_(2)O`
HCl produced from 2.5 litre of gastric juice `=3.0xx2.5=7.5g`
109.5 g HCl is neutralized by `Al(OH)_(3)=78g`
`THEREFORE"7.5 g HCl will be neutralized by "Al(OH)_(3)=(78)/(109.5)xx7.5g=5.342g=5342mg`
`therefore"Number of tablets required "=(5342)/(400)=13.35, " i.e., 14 tablets."`
Discussion
44.

Give an example of sorption.

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SOLUTION : `H_2` GAS PASSED over CHARCOAL.
Discussion
45.

Gastric juices contain:

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HCI
Bile ACIDS
PHOSPHORIC acid
DIL. acetic acid.

ANSWER :A
Discussion
46.

Give an example of secondary cell.

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SOLUTION :LEAD STORAGE BATTERY.
Discussion
47.

Gasessuchas CO_(2) and NH_(4) are moresolublein waterthan N_(2)because_________.

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bothhace lowboilingpoints
BOTHARE ABLETO FORM hydrogenbondswithwater
theyundergochemicalreactionwithwater
theydispaceairfromwater

Answer :C
Discussion
48.

Gasoline is the name of

Answer»

Crude oil
The GASEOUS CONSTITUENTS of petroleum
The mixture of uncondensed GASES produced in thedistillation of crude oil
The mixture of the RESIDUE and GAS oil obtained in the distillation of crude oil

Answer :B
Discussion
49.

Give an example of shape-selective catalysis.

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Solution :ZEOLITES are shape-selective CATALYSTS. ZSM-5 is used to convert alcohol into PETROL.
Discussion
50.

Gasoline is :

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ANSWER :B
Discussion