Explore topic-wise InterviewSolutions in Current Affairs.

False. 

Reason: Fiscal deficit leads to rise in revenue deficit.

False. 

Reason: Its burden can be shifted to others.

False. 

Reason: Direct taxes are generally ‘progressive’ in nature.

False. 

Reason: Primary deficit is the difference between fiscal deficit and interest payments.

False. 

Reason: It also includes the recovery of loan.

First a form must be (a) obtained. All relevant details (b) are filled in the form. The form must then (c) be countersigned by an account holder. Two passportsize photographs along with proof of residence (d) are submitted. Finally the minimum amount required (e) is deposited.

False. 

Reason: Fiscal deficit can be inflationaiy when we are at full employment level. It is so because large fiscal deficits creates excess money supply that creates inflation

National income is generated by way of consumption expenditure, investment expenditure, government purchases and expenditure by foreigners on the country’s exports. A rise in foreign exchange rate makes home country’s goods cheaper to foreigners. As a result, demand for home country’s goods increases leading to increase in India’s exports. Further, a rise in foreign exchange rate makes home country’s currency cheaper which attracts foreigners and promotes tourism to home country. Due to these factors, there is a positive impact of rise in exchange rate on national income.

(a) Government can influence allocation of resources through budget in many ways. It can encourage or discourage production of selected goods through taxes and subsidies. For discouraging, it can impose taxes and for encouraging it can give subsidies.

Government can also directly participate in production of goods and services like water supply, sanitation etc. (To be marked as a whole)

(b) Government can influence inequalities of income through taxes and public expenditure. It can impose taxes on the rich reducing their disposable income. The amount so collected can be spent to provide free services like education, health etc. to the poor for raising their standard of living. 

This expenditure creates an asset for the railway and government. 

Note: As per CBSE guidelines, no marks will be given if reason to the answer is not explained. 

Note: As per CBSE guidelines, no marks will be given if reason to the answer is not explained.

(a) Allocation of resources – One of the objectives of a government budget is to secure reallocation of resources in line with economic and social priorities of the country. For this purpose, the budget of the government may have a liberal expenditure policy in favour of public goods such as national defence, roads, government administration etc. to promote social welfare. The government can use its taxation policy to mobilise resources for investment. The government can also give subsidies to encourage production in some sectors and small scale industries. The government may discourage the production of undesirable goods through heavy taxation. 

(b) Reducing income inequalities – One of the objectives of a government budget is to ensure redistribution of income i.e., to reduce inequalities in income by provisions in budget. To reduce inequalities in income and wealth, a government may adopt the liberal expenditure policy in favour of people whose income levels are low. The government can provide subsidies and other amenities to poor people. Expenditure incurred by the government on unemployment allowance, old agd pension, social security, adult education, health facilities, etc., benefit more the poor. Such a policy increases the disposable income and reduces the inequalities. The government may increase its investment in public works like costruction of roads, railway lines, canals, bridges etc. This will help in increasing the income of the poor and reducing the inequalities. The government can use its taxation policy to reduce inequalities in income and wealth. The government may impose income tax at higher rates on the rich people and at lower rates on poor people. The government may impose more and more taxes on comforts and luxuries commonly used by the rich.

1. Private enterprises always desire to allocate resources to those areas of production where profits are high. 

2. However, it is possible that such areas of production (like production of alcohol) may not promote social welfare. 

3. Through its budgetary policy the government of a country directs ‘ the allocation of resources in a manner such that there is a balance between the goals of profit maximisation and social welfare. 

4. Production of goods which are injurious to health (like cigarettes and whisky) is discouraged through heavy taxation. 

5. On the other hand, production of “socially useful goods” (like electricity, ‘Khadij is encouraged through subsidies.

6. So, finally government has to reallocate resources in accordance to social and economic considerations in case the free market fails to do or does so inefficiently.

Span of management refers to the number of subordinates that can be effectively managed by a superior.

A deficit can be financed in two ways: 

1. Monetary Expansion: It means printing new notes to the extent of deficit. It involves government borrowings from the Central bank (Reserve Bank of India) through the issue of the treasury bills to the Central Bank. The Central Bank purchases the treasury bills in return for cash (procured by printing new notes). The government use this cash to finance the deficit. 

2. The second method of financing the deficit is borrowing by the government from the public through market loans etc. 

3. By borrowing from abroad (rest of the world).

1. Budget of a government shows its comprehensive exercise on the taxation and subsidies. 

2. A government uses fiscal instruments of taxation and subsidies with a view of improving the distribution of income and wealth in the economy. 

3. A government reduces the inequality in the distribution of income and wealth by imposing taxes on the rich and giving subsidies to the poor, or spending more on welfare of the poor. 

4. It will reduce income of the rich and raises the living standard of the poor, thus, leads to equitable distribution of income. 

5. Expenditure on special anti poverty and employment schemes will be increased to bring more people above poverty line. 

6. Public distribution system should be inferred so that only the poor could get foodgrains and other essential items at subsidised prices. 

7. Equitable distribution of income and wealth is a sign of social justice which is as the principal objective of any welfare state in India.

Revenue receipt. 

Reason: It creates neither any liability nor reduces any asset of the government.

No, because even at the zero level of income, we will consume something i.e., autonomous consumption.

It is so because Keynes’ psychological law of consumption states that when income increases, consumption also increases but at a lesser rate. So, increase in consumption is always less than increase in income, i.e., MPC=ΔC/ΔY is always less than one.

Yes, the value of average propensity to save can be negative when consumption is more than national income, i.e., before the break-even point.

The maximum value of marginal propensity to save is 1. It is only possible when MPC = 0, i.e., the entire additional income is saved.

The sum of APC and APS is equal to one, i.e., APC + APS = 1.

A snake was there before him./A snake was ahead of him/A majestic creature/the snake was a guest,/courtesy, out of respect.

Detailed Answer : 

The poet had to wait near the water trough because he was the second visitor. The snake had been the first one there, where the water dripped from the tap in a small clearness and the poet had to wait for his turn because of the snake.

Mrs. Packletide had arranged a luncheon party in her mind. Actually, her purpose was to show her and others the skin rug of the tiger, she had killed. She had also designed a tiger-claw brooch which she wanted to gift Loona Bimberton on her birthday.

(a) Two persons can be blamed for the murder. 

(b) There are many clues pointing to the real culprit. / Many clues are there pointing to the real culprit. 

(c) Find out who the real murderer is. / Find out who is the real murderer. 

(d) You will be rewarded for the correct answer. 

(e) It is, of course, difficult to find out the real murderer.

John Hallock was a ghost story writer for Jenkins. He was not a specialist in ghost stories but suddenly every time an idea would come mysteriously  to his mind and he would write a story. Helen told him that 'The Writer's Inspiration Bureaur' used,to help writers who were without ideas and had a soft mind on what to write.

(a) Two persons can be blamed for the murder. 

(b) There are many clues pointing to the culprit. or Many clues are there pointing to the real culprit. 

(c) Find out who the real murderer is. or Find out who is the real murderer. 

(d) You will be rewarded for the correct answer

(a) Summer in India is a strange phenomena. 

(b) During the summer the northern plains are extremely hot. 

(c) The lower region surrounded by sea has a pleasant weather. 

(d) Hot winds and scorching sun are two of its inseparable constituents.

They went to the Computer Fair, bought various gadgets and CDs. Michael's father was nutty about computers, he always wanted to buy whatever new there in the field of computers. They went to the computer fair and bought various gadgets, CDs and was psycho-drive games.

In the beginning of the play, Mrs. Amelia Slater is very edgy and nervous. Actually, she wants to steal grandfather's bureau as she likes it very much but she wants to shift it to her room before the Jordans come and for that she has to do it quickly. She doesn't want the Jordans to know about her theft.

Shih-Huwang to prevent invasions from the northern invaders.

The National School of Drama

(i) It is Ca(OCl)₂ i.e Calcium Oxychloride. 

(ii) When it is exposed to air, Chlorine gas is released (Cl₂).

(i) When an electrical signal reaches the axonal end of a neuron, it releases a chemical substance. This chemical diffuses towards the dendrite end of next neuron where it generates an electrical impulse or signal. Hence, the electrical signal is converted into a chemical signal at the axonal end. Since these chemicals are absent at the dendritic end of the neuron, the electrical signal cannot be converted into chemical signal. 

(ii) Sameer’s action was voluntary because rushing out of the room was under his conscious control. The smoke and smell were perceived by the receptors in the sense organs and signals are sent to the brain. The brain, then sent signals to the effector organs, i.e., the muscles, to move out of the room.

Radiowaves are the electromagnetic waves of frequency ranging from 500 kHz to about 1000 MHz. Radiowaves are made by various types of transmitter, depending on the wavelength. They are also given off by stars, sparks and lightning. These waves are used in the field of radio communication.

Potential inside the charged sphere is constant and equal to potential on the surface of the conductor, therefore potential at the centre of sphere is 10 V.

Magnetic dip is the angle made by a compass needle with the horizontal point on earth’s surface. Positive value of inclination indicates that the field is pointing downwards, into the earth, at the point of measurement. The angle of dip is 90° at the poles.

A nerve impulse travels in a form of electrical charge from a neuronal axon end to the synapse. Here, the electrical impulse is converted to the chemical impulse in the synaptic cleft. Further this nerve impulse flows from synaptic cleft to dendritic tips, which converts the chemical impulse to electrical impulse. The neurotransmitters required is synthesised only by axon terminals and the receptors required to detect these chemical transmitters are only present on the dendritic ends. Thus, the impulse always flows from one axonal end of a neuron to another dendron head of a neuron. 

On adding soap solution, lather will be formed in the beaker containing soft water only. On adding detergent solution lather will be formed by both hard and soft water.

The colour of the pH paper did not change because pH paper shows colour depending on the hydrogen ion concentration in solution. Solid sodium bicarbonate does not produce hydrogen ions in its solid state thus does not give any colour on pH paper.

The cause of dispersion is the change in speed of light with wavelength. When white light enters the first surface of a Prism, light of different colours due to their different speeds in glasses gets deviated towards the base of the prism through different angles that is the Dispersion of white light into its constituent colours takes place at the first surface of prism.

Newton showed that the reverse of dispersion of light is also possible. He kept two prisms close to each other one in erect position and the other in an inverted position.

The light gets dispersed when passes through the first prism.

The second prism receives all the seven coloured rays from, first prism and recombines them into, original white light. This observation shows that sunlight is made Up of seven colours.

Any light that given spectrum similar to that of sunlight is called white light.

Carbohydrates that yield two monosaccharide units, on hydrolysis are called disaccharides, e.g., sucrose.

Chemotherapy: It is the branch of chemistry which deals with the treatment of diseases using suitable chemicals.

The beauty of the beloved.

Boy very happy being with nature – loves to rise in summer morn – the very thought of going to school makes him sad–school as a prison – creates fear and anxiety – unable to concentrate – doesn't help to widen his mental horizon and physical growth.

Detailed Answer : 

The boy is very happy being with nature. He learns freely in nature. He loves to rise happily in the summer morning. But when he thinks of going to school, his happiness disappears and he becomes sad. He feels the school, as a prison The thought of going to school creates fear and anxiety in him and the child loses his happiness, he is unable to concentrate; he doesn't show interest in learning. All that doesn't help to widen his mental horizon and physical growth.

Because he would not be discriminated — the birds will not ask his caste to build the nest — Sunrays don't run away — feels happy with the touch of sacred cow — gets opportunity to shelter three hundred thousand Gods — becomes pure when burned by holy fire — satisfied in becoming a bier to the sinless body.

Detailed Answer : 

The poet wishes to become a tree because then he would not be discriminated. The bird wouldn't ask its caste to build the nest, the sunlight won't run away, it would rather embrace it. It can do friendship with cool breeze and rain drops wouldn't go back by thinking that it is untouchable. The tree would feel happy with the touch of sacred cow and it would get the opportunity of providing shelter for three hundred thousand Gods. It can become pure if it would be cut into dry pieces and can help the sinless dead body by becoming bier on the shoulders of four good men.

Mara went to the forest — laid a trap to catch the rabbit — went early doubting someone will take his trap — trap was empty — decided to brush the teeth — started brushing with a piece of plant — felt sour — took water from the stream — churned and spat out — all the teeth touched by the plant fell down.

Detailed Answer : 

Once Mara went to the forest with his friend and laid there a trap to catch the rabbits. He was worried that somebody else would take away his catch. So he went into the forest before daybreak. The trap was empty. Since there was a stream flowing nearby, Mara decided to brush his teeth and wash his face before trekking back. He started brushing with a piece of plant, growing nearby. He felt sour taste in his mouth. So he took water from the stream, put it into his mouth, churned it around in his mouth and spat out. To his surprise, all his teeth, which had been touched by that plant, fell down.

School started when Babar Ali was only nine years — local educated people helped — attends the school after finishing his classes — Babar Ali provides free education — staff teach well — mid-day meal scheme — selfless work of Babar Ali — recognised by West Bengal State Government.

Detailed Answer : 

Babar Ali started his school when he was only nine years old. Initially, the children used to play with Babar as a teacher. After finishing his own classes, he attended the school. In 2002, his school got institutionalised with the strength of eight. Many friends of Ali and non-government organisations, IAS officers, etc. donated rice for mid day meals. Free education was provided to the students. Babar was successful in getting the help of many high school student-volunteers and local educated people came and taught children. The fact is his school is entirely free, he and his staff teach well. There is midday meal scheme too. Due to this selfless work of Babar Ali, his school was recognized by the West Bengal State Government.