| Rod cells | Cone cells |
| 1. Rods are responsible for vision in dim light. | 1. The cones are responsible for colour vision and works best in bright light. |
| 2. The pigment present in the rods is rhodopsin, formed of a protein scotopsin and retinal (an aldehyde of vitamin A). | 2. The pigment present in the cones is photopsin, formed of opsin protein and retinal. |
| 3. There are about 120 million rod cells. | 3. There may be 6-7 million cone cells. |
| 4. Rods are predominant in the extra fovea region. | 4. Cones are concentrated in the fovea region. |
