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Write a short note on the topic "Towards Civil Disobedience ". |
| Answer» In February 1922, Mahatma Gandhi decided to withdraw theNon-Cooperation Movement. He felt the movement was turningviolent in many places and satyagrahis needed to be properly trainedbefore they would be ready for mass struggles. Within the Congress,some leaders were by now tired of mass struggles and wanted toparticipate in elections to the provincial councils that had been setup by the Government of India Act of 1919. They felt that it wasimportant to oppose British policies within the councils, argue forreform and also demonstrate that these councils were not trulydemocratic. C. R. Das and Motilal Nehru formed the Swaraj Partywithin the Congress to argue for a return to council politics. Butyounger leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Subhas Chandra Bosepressed for more radical mass agitation and for full independence.Mahatma Gandhi found in salt a powerful symbol that could unitethe nation. On 31 January 1930, he sent a letter to Viceroy Irwinstating eleven demands. Some of these were of general interest;others were specific demands of different classes, from industrialiststo peasants. The idea was to make the demands wide-ranging, sothat all classes within Indian society could identify with them andeveryone could be brought together in a united campaign. The moststirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax. Salt wassomething consumed by the rich and the poor alike, and it was oneof the most essential items of food. The tax on salt and thegovernment monopoly over its production, Mahatma Gandhideclared, revealed the most oppressive face of British rule.Mahatma Gandhi’s letter was, in a way, an ultimatum. If thedemands were not fulfilled by 11 March, the letter stated, theCongress would launch a civil disobedience campaign. Irwin wasunwilling to negotiate. So Mahatma Gandhi started his famoussalt march accompanied by 78 of his trusted volunteers. The marchwas over 240 miles, from Gandhiji’s ashram in Sabarmati to theGujarati coastal town of Dandi. The volunteers walked for 24 days,about 10 miles a day. Thousands came to hear Mahatma Gandhiwherever he stopped, and he told them what he meant by swarajand urged them to peacefully defy the British. On 6 April he reachedDandi, and ceremonially violated the law, manufacturing salt byboiling sea water.this event marked the beginning of civil disobedience movement.Read more on Brainly.in - https://brainly.in/question/11831094#readmore | |