Answer» - Gulam dynasty was established by Qutub-ud-din Aibak in the beginning of the 13th century i.e. in 1206 A.D.
- After the death of Shah-bud-din Ghori, his loyal commander and slave Qutub-ud-din Aibak took the control of Delhi in his hands.
- Thus, by becoming the King of Delhi, Qutub-ud-din Aibak established Gulam dynasty in India. Qutub-ud-din Aibak constructed Qutub Minar.
- After him, his son-in-law lltutmish became the king.
- He won many battles and integrated many kingdoms of India in the Delhi Sultanate.
- Hence, lltutmish is known as the real founder of the Gulam dynasty.
- After the death of lltutmish, his daughter Raziya Sultan ascended the throne in 1236 A.D.
- This efficient and capable Queen was the first woman ruler of Delhi.
- However, Amir Umraos disliked a female ruler and so they ended her rule in Delhi. (Umraos and Ulemas are Muslim scholars trained in Islam and Islamic law.)
- Six years later, again the Amirs enthroned Nasir-ud-din, the son of lltutmish, as the King of Delhi.
- Nasir-ud-din ruled for 21 years.
- After him, his wazir Giyas-ud-din Balban became the king.
- Giyas-ud-din brought an end to the disturbance and mismanagement in Delhi.
- He ruled successfully for 22 years.
- However, his descendants were not powerful enough. They could not fight the Khiljis.
- Hence, Khilji dynasty established its rule over Delhi.
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