Explanation:

Measurement generally involves using an instrument as a physical means of determining a quantity or variable. The instrument serves as an extension of human faculties and enables the man to determine the value of an unknown quantity that unaided human faculties cannot measure. An instrument may be defined as a device for determining the value or magnitude of a quantity or variable. Measuring instruments, and formal test methods which define the instrument's use, are the means by which the variables and the relations between variables are obtained

The various types of measuring instruments are:

• Analogue Instrument
• Electrical Instrument
• Electronic Instrument
• Mechanical Instrument

Electronic Instruments have the fastest response time among all.

• The majority of modern scientific and industrial measurements require very rapid responses. The mechanical and electrical instruments and systems cannot fulfill these requirements. There is a requirement of decreasing the response time and also the detection of dynamic changes in certain parameters.
• This has led to the design of today's electronic instruments and their associated circuitry. These instruments involved vacuum tubes or semiconductor devices. The present-day practice is to use semi-conductor devices owing to their many advantages over their vacuum tube counterparts. Since in electronic devices the only movement involved is that of electrons and the inertia of electrons is very small, the response time of these devices is extremely small.
• Electronic instruments make it possible to build analogue and digital computers without which the modern developments in science and technology are virtually impossible. Computers require a very fast time response and it is only possible with the use of electronic instruments. The mathematical processing of signals, such as summation, differentiating, and integrating is possible with electronic measurements.