Which of the following has smallest radius cation or parent atom?

1.	Which of the following has smallest radius cation or parent atom?
Answer» The cation has smallest radius. The reason for the smaller size of cation are: 1. A cation is formed by loss of one or more electrons from the parent atom. Generally the whole of the outermost shell of electrons is removed so that the resulting cation is smaller in size. 2. Also, in the formation of cation, electrons are removed but the magnitude of nuclear charge remains the same i.e., same nuclear charge will work on less number of electrons. In other words, effective nuclear charge per electron increases and as a result, electrons are strongly attracted and pulled towards the nucleus. This causes decrease in size.

Answer»

The cation has smallest radius. The reason for the smaller size of cation are:

1. A cation is formed by loss of one or more electrons from the parent atom. Generally the whole of the outermost shell of electrons is removed so that the resulting cation is smaller in size.

2. Also, in the formation of cation, electrons are removed but the magnitude of nuclear charge remains the same i.e., same nuclear charge will work on less number of electrons. In other words, effective nuclear charge per electron increases and as a result, electrons are strongly attracted and pulled towards the nucleus. This causes decrease in size.

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