Primary Sector:

The primary sector of the economy extracts or harvests products from the earth. The primary sector includes the production of raw material and basic foods. Activities associated with the primary sector include agriculture (both subsistence and commercial), mining, forestry, farming, grazing, hunting and gathering, fishing, and quarrying. The packaging and processing of the raw material associated with this sector is also considered to be part of this sector.

In developed and developing countries, a decreasing proportion of workers are involved in the primary sector.

Secondary Sector:

The secondary sector of the economy manufactures finished goods. All of manufacturing, processing, and construction lies within the secondary sector. Activities associated with the secondary sector include metal working and smelting, automobile production, textile production, chemical and engineering industries, aerospace manufacturing, energy utilities, engineering, breweries and bottlers, construction, and shipbuilding.

Tertiary Sector:

The tertiary sector of the economy is the service industry. This sector provides services to the general population and to businesses. Activities associated with this sector include retail and wholesale sales, transportation and distribution, entertainment (movies, television, radio, music, theater, etc.), restaurants, clerical services, media, tourism, insurance, banking, healthcare, and law.

In most developed and developing countries, a growing proportion of workers are devoted to the tertiary sector.

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Primary activities are directly dependent onenvironment as these refer to utilisation ofearth’s resources such as land, water,vegetation, building materials and minerals. It,thus includes, hunting and gathering, pastoralactivities, fishing, forestry, agriculture, andmining and quarrying.

Secondary activities add value to naturalresources by transforming raw materials intovaluable products.Secondary activities, therefore, areconcerned withmanufacturing, processing andconstruction (infrastructure) industries

Tertiary activities include both productionand exchange. The production involves the‘provision’ of services that are ‘consumed. Exchange,involves trade,transport and communication facilities that areused to overcome distance.

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for 4and5 class students