1. Inability of a couple to produce children in spite of unprotected sexual cohabitation 

OR 

2. Inability of a couple to conceive or produce children even after 2 years of unprotected sexual cohabitation. 

1. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) 

In this technique egg cells are fertilized by sperm (usually 100,000 sperm / ml) outside the body in almost similar conditions as that in the body. 

In this process Ova from the wife or donor female and sperm from husband or donor male are allowed to fuse in shallow containers called Petri dishes. (Made of glass or plastic resins) under laboratory condition.

The fertilized egg (zygote) is then transferred to the patient’s uterus, is this called embryo transfer (E.T.), Where she provides suitable conditions for the development of embryo. The baby born by this technique is called test tube baby. 

2. ZIFT ( Zygote intra fallopian transfer) 

Zygote or early embryo up to eight blastoineres is transferred into the fallopian tube.