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■ ENDOCRINE SYSTEM :

==> the body's slow chemical communication system, a set of glands that secrete hormones into the blood stream.

■ HORMONE :

==> A chemical released from living cells that travel some distance to target tissues to have a biological effect.

THE FUNCTION OF THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF HORMONES.
the hormones secreted by hypothalamus:
● THYROTROPHIN HORMONE.
==> stimulates release of THYROID stimulating hormone from anterior pituitary.

● SOMATOSTAIN .
==> prevents relase of hormones such as growth hormone from anterior pituitary gland.

● GONADOTROPHIN .
==> stimulates release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinsing hormone .

●CORTICOTROPIN .

==> stimulates (ACTH ) hormone release from anterior pituitary.

● GROWTH HORMONE RELEASING HORMONE.
==> stimulates release of growth hormone .



● THYROID STIMULATING HORMONE: ( released from thyroid gland)
==> stimulates release of thyroxine and tri idothyronine from the thyriod gland.

● LUTEINISING HORMONE ( released from ovary / testis.
==> females: PROMOTES ovulation of the egg stimulates oestrogen and progestrone production .
males : promotes testostrone release from the testis .

● FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE ( ovary / testis )
==> females : promotes development of eggs and follicles in the ovary prior to ovulation.
males: promotes production of testosterone from testis.

• hormones released by anterior pituitary gland.
● GROWTH HORMONE.
==> acts to promote growth of bones and organs.
● PROLACTIN.
==> stimulates milk production in the breast and play a role in SEXUAL behaviour.
● ADRENOCORTICOTROPHIC HORMONE.
==> stimulates the ADRENAL glands to produce MAINLY cortisol.

hormones released from posterior pitutairy gland.
● VASOPRESSIN.
==> acts to maintain blood pressure by causing the kidney to retain fluid.
● OXCYTIN
==> causes ejection of milk from the milk ducts .
● PARATHYROID HORMONE;
==> increase blood calcium levels.
● CALCITONIN.
==> decrease blood calcium levels when they are high.

hormones released from adrenal cortex gland.
● CORTISOL.
==> involved in a huge array of physiological functions.
● ALDOSTERONE:
==> acts to maintain blood pressure by causing slats and water retention.
● ADRENALINE AND NORADRENALINE:
==> involved in many physiological systems.

hormones released from pancreas:
●INSULIN
==>Acts to lower blood glucose levels.
● GLUCAGON
==> acts to raise glucose levels.


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