For diseases such as malaria and filariasis that are transmitted through insect vectors, the most important measure is to control or eliminate the vector and their breeding places. This can be achieveed by avoiding staggation of water in and around residential aores regular cleaning of household coolers use of mosquito nets, introducing fishes like Gambusia in ponds that feed on mosquito larvae, spraying of insecticides inditches, drainage area and swamps etc. In addition doors and windows should be provided with wire mesh to prevent the entry of mosquitoes such precautions have become all the important especially in the light of recent widespread incidences of the vector borne (Acedes mosquitoes) disease like dengue and chikungunya in many parts of India.

The advancements made in biological science have armed is to effectively deal with many infections disease. The use of vaccines and immunisation programmes have enabled us to completely eradicate a deadly disease Iike small pox. A large number of other infections diseases like polio, diphtheria, pneumonia and tetanus have been controlled to a large extent by the use of vaccines. Biotechnology is the verge of making available newer and safer vaccines discovery of antibiotic and various other drugs has also enabled us to effectively treat infections diseases.