Answer:

Explanation:

Stomata

In botany, a stoma (also stomate; plural stomata) is a tiny opening or pore that is used for gas EXCHANGE. They are mostly found on the under-surface of plant leaves. ... Air enters the plant through these OPENINGS. The carbon dioxide is used in photosynthesis. Some of the OXYGEN produced is used in respiration.

The tiny pores or openings present under the leaves of the plants is called stomata. Two functions of stomata: (i) It helps in breathing of the plants. (ii) It helps in exchange of gases which takes place INSIDE the plant cells.

Guard cells

Guard cells are located in the LEAF epidermis and pairs of guard cells surround and form stomatal pores, which regulate CO2 influx from the atmosphere into the leaves for photosynthetic carbon fixation. Stomatal guard cells also regulate water loss of plants via transpiration to the atmosphere.

Guard cells are cells surrounding each stoma. They help to regulate the rate of transpiration by opening and closing the stomata. To understand how they function, study the following figures.