What are female sex hormones? What role do they play?

1.	What are female sex hormones? What role do they play?
Answer» (1) The ovaries secrete two steroid hormones viz., estrogen and progesterone. (2) The estrogen is secreted by the developing ovarian follicles. It has many roles in stimulation of female reproductive functions and growth of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina. (3) It also controls female secondary sexual characteristics like high pitch of voice, development of mammary glands, broadening of pelvis, growth of pubic hairs and deposition of subcutaneous fats to produce feminine stature. (4) The estrogen also regulates female sexual behaviour. (5) The empty Graafian follicle after ovulation is converted into a structure called corpus luteum which secretes a hormone known as progesterone. Progesterone is a gestational hormone which is essential for maintaining the pregnancy. It also acts on the mammary glands and stimulates them for lactation, milk synthesis and ejection.

Answer»

(1) The ovaries secrete two steroid hormones viz., estrogen and progesterone.

(2) The estrogen is secreted by the developing ovarian follicles. It has many roles in stimulation of female reproductive functions and growth of ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus and vagina.

(3) It also controls female secondary sexual characteristics like high pitch of voice, development of mammary glands, broadening of pelvis, growth of pubic hairs and deposition of subcutaneous fats to produce feminine stature.

(4) The estrogen also regulates female sexual behaviour.

(5) The empty Graafian follicle after ovulation is converted into a structure called corpus luteum which secretes a hormone known as progesterone. Progesterone is a gestational hormone which is essential for maintaining the pregnancy. It also acts on the mammary glands and stimulates them for lactation, milk synthesis and ejection.

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