The ionisation enthalpy also depends upon the electronic configuration

1.	The ionisation enthalpy also depends upon the electronic configuration of the atom. It has been observed that certain electronic configurations are more stable than others. For example half filled and completely filled shell have extra stability associated with them. Consequently it is difficult to remove electron from these stable configurations. Answer the following on the basis of the above paragraph: (i) Why the noble gases have highest value of ionisation enthalpies in their respective period ? (ii) Out of Li, Be, Mg, Al, P and Cl which have completely filled and half-filled orbitals consequently large ionisation enthalpies
Answer» The answers are: The noble GASES have highest VALUE of ionization enthalpies in their respective period because they have extra stability as compared to others in the same period due to attaining a completely filled octet in the outer shell. Elements with half filled ORBITALS = Li, P. Elements with completely filled orbitals = Be, Mg. None of them= Al and Cl. The electronic configuration of the various elements are given below which HELP us to decide that whether they have half filled orbitals or FULL filled orbitals or neither of them. 1.Li : 1s² 2s¹ ( half filled orbitals) 2. Be : 1s² 2s² ( full filled orbitals) 3. Mg : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² ( full filled orbitals) 4. Al : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹ (none of them) 5. P : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ (half filled orbitals) 6. Cl : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵ (none of them)

The ionisation enthalpy also depends upon the electronic configuration of the atom. It has been observed that certain electronic configurations are more stable than others. For example half filled and completely filled shell have extra stability associated with them. Consequently it is difficult to remove electron from these stable configurations. Answer the following on the basis of the above paragraph: (i) Why the noble gases have highest value of ionisation enthalpies in their respective period ? (ii) Out of Li, Be, Mg, Al, P and Cl which have completely filled and half-filled orbitals consequently large ionisation enthalpies

Answer»

The answers are:

The noble GASES have highest VALUE of ionization enthalpies in their respective period because they have extra stability as compared to others in the same period due to attaining a completely filled octet in the outer shell.
Elements with half filled ORBITALS = Li, P.
Elements with completely filled orbitals = Be, Mg.
None of them= Al and Cl.
The electronic configuration of the various elements are given below which HELP us to decide that whether they have half filled orbitals or FULL filled orbitals or neither of them.

1.Li : 1s² 2s¹ ( half filled orbitals)

2. Be : 1s² 2s² ( full filled orbitals)

3. Mg : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² ( full filled orbitals)

4. Al : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p¹ (none of them)

5. P : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p³ (half filled orbitals)

6. Cl : 1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁵ (none of them)