From what I understand windows 10 retail copy can only be installed no more than three times where the OEM copy can only be installed one time.

So in other words if you hard drive dies you cannot install windows 10 on OEM computer but a retail copy you can install no more than three times.

Like what is the point of OEM copy of windows 10? Is that why when you buy a computer they do not ship you the DVD or USB stick of OEM of windows? If the hard drive dies well NOTHING can be DONE but getting a retail copy to do is reinstall.Both can be installed over and over again on that same device with no activation issues.
OEM is meant to be tied to a specific device, the first one its activated on.
Retail can be transferred from device to device, but only EVER activated on one device at any one time.
It's a bit more complicated than that but that's the short answer.
And as far as I know, the install media created via the Media Creation TOOL will accept Retail and OEM product codes.

I hope this helps!
Leo Clarke