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Read the following excerpt carefully and answer the questions that follows: Peasants on the move This was a feature of agrarian society which struck a keen observer like Babur, the first Mughal emperor, forcefully enough for him to write about it in the Babur Nama, his memoirs: In Hindustan hamlets and villages, towns indeed, are depopulated and set up in a moment! If the people of a large town, one inhabited for years even, fk e from it, they do it in such a way that not a sign or trace of them remains in a day and a half. On the other hand, if they fix their eyes on a place to settle, they need not dig water courses because their crops are all rain-grown, and as the population of Hindustan is unlimited it swarms in. They make a tank or a well; they need not build houses or set up walls … khas-grass abounds, wood is unlimited, huts are made, and straight away there is a village or a town! 1. What formed the backbone of Indian agriculture? List some of the frequently cultivated crops as well as commercial crops. 2. Why could state not indulge in excessive exploitation of the peasants? 3. What were the different categories of peasant? |
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Answer» 1. (a) The monsoons formed the backbone of Indian agriculture. (b) Rice, wheat or millets were the crops cultivated frequently. (c) Sugarcane and cotton were the commercial crops. 2. (a) At that time, the state was aware not to indulge in excessive exploitation of the peasants as in case of excessive stress peasants took recourse to more drastic. (b) Easy availability of uncultivated land and competition over labour resources. 3. (a) Khud-khasta (b) Pahi-khasta |
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