1.

pet of its size of population and landan we say that India is passing through a period o 'population explosion2what are known as urban agglomeratin

Answer»

According to the National Population Policy draft prepared in 1997 by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, the goal of total fertility rate (TFR) of 2.1 will be achieved by the year 2010. But, according to the pro­jections made by the Registrar General, the TFR of 2.1 would not be reached before the year 2026, if the existing demographic trends contin­ued. This shows how lackadaisical the government and the nation have been in controlling the population growth.

The post-World War in period (i.e., period after 1945) is generally referred to as a period of population explosion in demographic parlance. It is a pe­riod in which the world population including population in India, experienced unprecedented and accelerated growth leading to Population explosion. For example, while India’s population was estimated to be 100 million in 1600 A.D., it was 120 million in 1800, 238.4 million in 1901, 361.1 million in 1951, 846.3 million in 1991, and estimated to be 100 million in August 1999.

This means that while it in­creased by 20 per cent in 200 years between 1600 and 1800 A.D and by about 100 per cent (exactly 98.66%) in next 100 years between 1800 and 1901, it increased by 319 per cent in the following 99 years (or say about 100 years between 1901 and 1999).

The phenomenon of galloping population in India has the following aspects:

i. Every sixth person on the globe today is an Indian, and by the turn of the century, every fifth living person will be an Indian.

ii. India adds 46,500 persons to its population every day.

iii. Addition to India’s population is an equivalent of a Chandigarh (with 6, 40,725 population) in nine days, two Bhopal’s a month, and an Aus­tralia (with 18.52 million population) every eight months. During 1981-91, addition to the population was to the tune of 163 million, equaling to little less than the combined population of France (58.683 million), Britain (58.649 million) and Italy (57.369 million).

iv. By 2035, India would overtake China as the world’s most populous nation. While the rate of annual population growth in India is 3.5 per cent, in China it is 2.1 per cent. Thus, while China’s population would double in 60 years, India’s population would double in 34 years.



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