1.

Name any two databases important in bioinformatics. Mention the type of information which may be obtained from these databases. OR Suggest two possible ways for analyzing a given sequence using bioinformatics.

Answer»
DatabaseInformation Available
EMBL(European Molecular
Biology Laboratory)		Nucleotide sequence
Nucleotide sequenceAnnotated protein sequence
PDB (Protein Database)Three dimensional structure of proteins
Ribosomal RNA databaser RNA subunit sequences
PALI databasePhylogenetic analysis and alignment of protein

 

OR

1. Processing raw information: The experimentally determined sequence (raw information) is processed using bioinformatics tools into genes, the proteins encoded and their function, the regulatory sequences, and inferring phylogenetic relationships. 

2. Genes: Gene prediction can be done by using computer programs like Gene Mark for bacterial genomes and GENSCAN for eukaryotes. 

3. Proteins: Protein sequences can be inferred from the predicted genes by using simple computer programs. 

4. Regulatory sequences: Regulatory sequences can also be identified and analysed by using bioinformatics tools. 

5. Inferring phylogenetic relationships: Information regarding the relationships between organisms can be obtained by aligning multiple sequences, calculating evolutionary distance and constructing phylogenetic trees. 

6. Making a Discovery: Using the bioinformatics tools and databases, the functions of unknown genes can be predicted.


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