Marginalization is the process of pushing a particular group or groups of people to the edge of society by not ALLOWING them an active voice, identity, or PLACE in it. Through both direct and indirect processes, marginalized groups may be relegated to a secondary position or made to feel as if they are less important than those who hold more power or privilege in society. At Syracuse University, students from marginalized groups can be the target of negative beliefs, behaviors, or judgements from others. Individuals and groups can be marginalized on the basis of multiple aspects of their identity, including but not limited to: race, gender or gender identity, ability, sexual orientation, socioeconomic STATUS, sexuality, age, and/or religion. Some individuals identify with multiple marginalized groups, and may experience further marginalization as a result of their intersecting identities.

Marginalization can MANIFEST in subtle or overt actions including:

Use of derogatory language

Assuming someone’s accomplishments are not based on merit

Expecting individuals to act a certain way based on stereotypes held about another’s identity

Denying someone academic or professional opportunities because of their identity (i.e. racism, sexism, ableism)

Not providing equal access to certain resources based on membership in a particular group

Assuming preferred pronoun without asking

Assuming sexual orientation without asking

Overlooking, criticizing, or interfering with other’s cultural or religious traditions and values

Systemic and/or institutionalized barriers to access and support

IMPACT OF MARGINALIZATION ON STUDENTS

Marginalization can have a negative impact on students’ psychological, emotional and physical health. Some possible psychological and emotional responses to marginalization INCLUDE:

Anger

Anxiety

Paranoia

Fear

Depression

Self-blame

Sadness

Frustration

Hopelessness

Resentment

Powerlessness

Self-Doubt

Isolation

Stress

Confusion

Feeling invisible or not heard

Additionally, students may experience social, economic, and academic strain as a result of marginalization. Possible academic and social impacts might include:

A reluctance to interact with others

Difficult affording books, food, or sufficient housing options

Limitations accessing academic spaces, community locations, and/or course materials and course assignments

Discomfort participating in class discussions, study groups, student organizations, intramural sports and other institutional sponsored events

Fear that one’s actions may confirm an existing stereotype, which is also known as stereotype threat

Poor academic performance on exams and/or assignments due to negative impacts on concentration and emotional well-being

Internalization of negative messages

Ineffective coping such as disengaging, avoidance, and substance use