The following ways by which we can reduce the amount of waste generated: 

(a) Reusing scrap material: 

For example, in paper mills, damaged rolls are sent back to the beginning of the production line, i.e., they are added as raw material. In the manufacture of plastic items, off-cuts and scrap are re-incorporated into new products. 

(b) Ensuring quality control: 

If the quality of products is maintained, there will be a decrease in rejected products, thus, reducing waste. Automated monitoring equipment is now being used, which can help identify production problems at an early stage.

(c) Waste exchange: 

This is where the waste product of one process becomes the raw material for another. It represents the way of reducing waste disposal through re-use. 

(d) Managing e-waste: 

With advanced technology, we have also encountered problems in managing e-waste like old mobile phones, laptops and television sets. It is important to have sustainable development and plan judiciously for recycling e-waste. 

(e) Use of eco-friendly material: 

Scientists have discovered various materials, which are eco-friendly, for example, banana leaf and paper plates that are easily disposable, etc. These must be made easily available and their use needs to be encouraged.