Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : Sisupalgarh
The correct answer is Sisupalgarh. - Sisupalgarh-
- Sisupalgarh or Sisupalagada is situated in Khurda District in Odisha, India and houses ruined fortifications.
- It used to be the capital of ancient Kalinga.
- It is one of the largest and best-preserved early historic fortifications in India, with the earliest occupation both inside and outside the later site´s northern rampart around the 7th to 6th centuries BCE.
- In Orissa, we will find the cave architecture of the pre-historic times in Sisupalgarh.
- Important Rock Cut Caves-
- Udayagiri and Khandagiri Caves, Odisha:
- They were made under the Kalinga King Kharavela in 1st-2nd century BC near modern-day Bhubaneswar.
- The cave complex has both man-made and natural caves possibly carved out for the residence of Jain monks.
- There are 18 caves in Udayagiri and 15 in Khandagiri.
- Udayagiri caves are famous for the Hathigumpha inscription which is carved out in Brahmi script.
- Sittanavasal Caves (Arivar Koil):
- Located 16 km northwest of Pudukkottai town in Tamil Nadu, these famous rock-cut caves are known for the paintings in the Jain temples.
- Jogimara Cave:
- It is an artificially carved out cave located in the Surguja district of Chhattisgarh.
- It is dated back around 1000-300 BC and has a few paintings and inscriptions of a love story in Brahmi script.
- The cave is said to be an attachment to an amphitheatre and paintings were made to decorate the room.
- Nasik Caves:
- It is a group of 24 Buddhist caves (Hinayana Period), also known as “Pandav Leni”, developed during the 1st century A.D.
- These caves belong to the Hinayana period. However, later, the influence of the Mahayana period can also be found in these caves.
- The idols of Buddha were also carved inside these caves representing the influence of Mahayana Buddhism.
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