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In which of the following pair of metals, both are commerically extracted from their respective ores by self-reduction method?A. `Zn,Cu`B. `Pb,Cu`C. `Sn,Zn`D. `A1,Ag` |
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Answer» Correct Answer - B (i) Extraction of tin (carbon reduction): `SnO_(2)+C rarr SnO +CO` (ii) Extraction of zinc (carbon reduction): `ZnO +C overset(coke,673)rarr Zn +CO` (iii) Extraction of lead (self- reduction): `PbS +2O_(2)rarrPbSO_(4)`, `PbS +3O_(2)rarr 2PbO+2SO_(2)`, `PbS + 2PbO rarr 3Pb + SO_(2)`, `PbS + PbSO_(4) rarr 2Pb + 2SO_(2)` (iv) Extraction of copper (self -reduction) `2CuFeS_(2) + 4O_(2) rarr Cu_(2)S+2FeO +3SO_(2)` `CU_(2)S +FEO +SiO_(2)rarrFeSiO_(3)` (fusible slag) `+Cu_(2)S` (matte) `2Cu_(2)S +3O_(2)rarr 2Cu_(2)O +2SO_(2)`, `2Cu_(2)O +Cu_(2)S rarr 6Cu +SO_(2)` (v) Extraction of aluminium (electroytic reduction, Hall-Heroult process): The purified `A1_(2)O_(3)` ia mixed with `Na_(3)A1F_(6)` (cryolite) or `CaF_(2)` (fluorspar) which lowers the melting point of the mixture and increases conductivity. The fused matrix is electrolysed. Cathode: `A1^(3+) ("melt") +3e^(-) rarr A1(1)` Anode: `C(s) +O^(2-) ("melt")rarr CO(g) +2e^(-)` `C(s) +2O^(2-)("melt") rarr CO_(2) +4e^(-)` (vi) Extraction of gold//silver (leaching and displacement method): `4Au//Ag(s) +8CN^(-) (aq)+2H_(2)O(aq)+O_(2) (g) rarr 4[Au//Ag(CN)_(2)]^(-)(aq) +4OH^(-)(aq)` `2(Au//Ag(CN)_(2)]^(-)(aq)+Zn(s) rarr 2Au//Ag(s) +[Zn(CN)_(4)]^(2-)(aq)` |
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