Evolution is a change in the characteristics of a species over several generations and relies on the process of natural selection. Evolution occurs when evolutionary processes such as natural selection (including sexual selection) and genetic drift act on this variation, resulting in certain characteristics becoming more common or rare within a population. 

For example, the three characteristics of Neanderthal man are: (who lived in east and central asia) 

i. Bipedal locomotion 

ii. Deep jaw with no chin 

iii. Prominent brow ridges and thick skull bones. 

Homologous characteristics: 

The structures which have the same anatomy, morphology, embryology and genetics but are dissimilar in their functions are called homologous structures. 

Analogous characteristics/ structures:

Structures that are externally similar but are still dissimilar doing the same function are known as analogous structures.

The main difference between homologous and analogous structures is the origin of each species.