In comparison to the zeolite process for the removal of permanent hard

1.	In comparison to the zeolite process for the removal of permanent hardness, the synthetic resins method is : (1) less efficient as it exchanges only anions (2) more efficient as it can exchange only cations (3) less efficient as the resins cannot be regenerated (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions
Answer» Answer is (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions (a) Zeolite method removes only cations (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ion) present in hard water 2NaZ + M²⁺ (aq) → MZ₂(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) (M→Mg, Ca) (b) Synthetic resin method removes cations (Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺ ion) and anions (like Cl^–, HCO₃^–, SO₄^2– etc.) (i) 2RNa(s) + M²⁺(aq)→ R₂M(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) (Cation exchange (M→Mg, Ca) resin) (ii) RNH⁺₃OH^-(s) + X^-(aq) → RNH₃⁺X^-(s) + OH^-(aq) (Anon exchange resin) (X = Cl^-, HCO^-₃, SO^2-₃ etc) Answer is (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions. Synthetic resin method is more efficient because it can exchange both cation & anion.

In comparison to the zeolite process for the removal of permanent hardness, the synthetic resins method is : (1) less efficient as it exchanges only anions (2) more efficient as it can exchange only cations (3) less efficient as the resins cannot be regenerated (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions

Answer»

Answer is (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions

(a) Zeolite method removes only cations (Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ion) present in hard water

2NaZ + M²⁺ (aq) → MZ₂(s) + 2Na⁺(aq)

(M→Mg, Ca)

(b) Synthetic resin method removes cations (Ca²⁺and Mg²⁺ ion) and anions (like Cl^–, HCO₃^–, SO₄^2– etc.)

(i) 2RNa(s) + M²⁺(aq)→ R₂M(s) + 2Na⁺(aq) (Cation exchange (M→Mg, Ca) resin)

(ii) RNH⁺₃OH^-(s) + X^-(aq) → RNH₃⁺X^-(s) + OH^-(aq)

(Anon exchange resin) (X = Cl^-, HCO^-₃, SO^2-₃ etc)

Answer is (4) more efficient as it can exchange both cations as well as anions.

Synthetic resin method is more efficient because it can exchange both cation & anion.