(I) State the trends in the variation of electronegativity in period a

1.	(I) State the trends in the variation of electronegativity in period and group. (II) The electron gain enthalpy of chlorine is 348 kJ mol-1 . How much energy in kJ is released when 17.5 g of chlorine is completely converted into Cl-1 ions in the gaseous state?
Answer» (I) Variation of electronegativity in a period: The electronegativity increases across a period from left to right. Since the atomic radius decreases in a period, the attraction between the valence electron and the nucleus increases. Hence the tendency to attract shared pair of electrons increases, ‘therefore, electronegativity increases in a period. (II) Water is amphoteric in nature and it behaves both as an acid as well as base. With acids stronger than itself (e.g., H₂S) it behaves as a base and with bases stronger than itself (e.g., NH, ) it acts as an acid.

(I) State the trends in the variation of electronegativity in period and group. (II) The electron gain enthalpy of chlorine is 348 kJ mol-1 . How much energy in kJ is released when 17.5 g of chlorine is completely converted into Cl-1 ions in the gaseous state?

Answer»

(I) Variation of electronegativity in a period:

The electronegativity increases across a period from left to right. Since the atomic radius decreases in a period, the attraction between the valence electron and the nucleus increases. Hence the tendency to attract shared pair of electrons increases, ‘therefore, electronegativity increases in a period.

(II) Water is amphoteric in nature and it behaves both as an acid as well as base. With acids stronger than itself (e.g., H₂S) it behaves as a base and with bases stronger than itself (e.g., NH, ) it acts as an acid.

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