BackgroundGoa was part of Portuguese colonies till 1961 AD and it was under direct control of Portugal for 451 years from 1510 AD. The Indian government, after getting the independence from British rule in 1947, tried to take the control of Goa through negotiation with Portuguese government. In 1948 AD, the Prime Minister of IndiaJawaharlal Nehrubrought up the demand of Goa's inclusion with India but the Portuguese was not keen for the negotiation. Again, in 1953 AD, Indian government delegation wanted to discuss the issue with Portuguese in Portugal but it was also refused. Indian government tried through UN channel too but there was no positive outcome. The Portuguese were not willing to leave Goa in spite of repeated requests from India.Military InvadeAfter multiple failed attempts to negotiate the territorial issue, Indian government finally decided to deploy Indian Forces to evict Portuguese out of Goa. Indian Army started the preparation in the beginning of December 1961.Major General K.P. Candethwas deputed with 17 Infantry Division and other Para military forces to head the Indian Operation to liberate Goa from Portuguese. On17th December 1961, Prime MinisterJawaharlal Nehruordered the Indian military to invade Goa. Indian Army with Indian Air Force and Indian Navy started the"Operation Vijay"and easily defeated the Portuguese army. There was no bloodshed in this operation. The other Portuguese colonies of Daman and Diu were also recovered. Portuguese Governor GeneralManuel Anonia Vassalo da Silvasurrendered. Finally, Goa became an integral part of India on19th December 1961. Thereafter,19th Decemberis celebrated as theGoa Liberation Day."Union territory of Goa, Daman and Diu"was formed by adding the entire Portuguese colonies.