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Answer» Firstly, THANKS for A2A,
Excavation simply means Digging.However, this has got a very IMPORTANT role to play in the construction of Highways and Expressways. For your convenience, i’ll TRY to explain the whole process to you and then you’ll definitely understand that how and why excavation is important.
I was never involved directly in this construction practice. However, I can give you a ‘rough’ idea about this process as this was the part of my Final year project study.
Firstly, a particular land area is chosen from which soil is dug. It is cleared of any vegetation such as tall GRASS and shrubs. That land area must be NEAR to the Highway construction site. Soil samples are then taken out from that area and tested on field for various parameters such as Water content, Permeability, etc. After finding out that the soil is suitable for construction practice, machines such as :
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