How is peristalsis produced?

1.	How is peristalsis produced?
Answer» (i) Peristalsis is produced by involuntary contraction of circular muscles in the oesophagus lying above the bolus and simultaneous contraction of the longitudinal muscles lying below the bolus. (ii) Contraction of the longitudinal muscles shortens the lower part of the oesophagus, pushing its walls outward so that it can receive the bolus. (iii) After this, circular muscles of the oesophagus relax. (iv) The contractions are repeated in a wave that moves down the oesophagus, pushing the food towards the stomach.

Answer»

(i) Peristalsis is produced by involuntary contraction of circular muscles in the oesophagus lying above the bolus and simultaneous contraction of the longitudinal muscles lying below the bolus.

(ii) Contraction of the longitudinal muscles shortens the lower part of the oesophagus, pushing its walls outward so that it can receive the bolus.

(iii) After this, circular muscles of the oesophagus relax.

(iv) The contractions are repeated in a wave that moves down the oesophagus, pushing the food towards the stomach.

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