| Parasitism | Amensalism | Mutualism |
| 1. In this interaction one species (parasite) depends on the other species (host) for food and shelter. | 1. In this interaction one species is harmed and the other is neither benefited nor harmed.
| 1. In this interaction both the interacting species are benefited.
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| 2. The interacting species coevolve. | 2. No evolution is observ
| 2. The interacting species coevolve. |
3. For e.g., Cuscuta is commonly found growing on hedge plants.
| 3. For e.g., the mould Penicillium secretes penicillin which kills bacteria but the mould is unaffected.
| 3. For e.g., Rhizobium and the legume plants.
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