1.

Figure 3.33 shows apotentiometer with a cell of 2.0 V and internal resistance 0.40Ω maintaininga potential drop across the resistor wire AB. A standard cell whichmaintains a constant emf of 1.02 V (for very moderate currents up toa few mA) gives a balance point at 67.3 cm length of the wire. Toensure very low currents drawn from the standard cell, a very highresistance of 600 kΩ isput in series with it, which is shorted close to the balance point.The standard cell is then replaced by a cell of unknown emf ε andthe balance point found similarly, turns out to be at 82.3 cm lengthof the wire.(a) What is thevalue ε ?(b) Whatpurpose does the high resistance of 600 kΩ have?(c) Is thebalance point affected by this high resistance?(d) Is thebalance point affected by the internal resistance of the driver cell?(e) Would the method work in the above situation if thedriver cell of the potentiometer had an emf of 1.0 V instead of 2.0V?(f ) Would the circuit work well for determining an extremelysmall emf, say of the order of a few mV (such as the typical emf of athermo-couple)? If not, how will you modify the circuit?

Answer»

Figure 3.33 shows a
potentiometer with a cell of 2.0 V and internal resistance 0.40
Ω maintaining
a potential drop across the resistor wire AB. A standard cell which
maintains a constant emf of 1.02 V (for very moderate currents up to
a few mA) gives a balance point at 67.3 cm length of the wire. To
ensure very low currents drawn from the standard cell, a very high
resistance of 600 kΩ is
put in series with it, which is shorted close to the balance point.
The standard cell is then replaced by a cell of unknown emf ε and
the balance point found similarly, turns out to be at 82.3 cm length
of the wire.





(a) What is the
value ε ?


(b) What
purpose does the high resistance of 600 kΩ have?


(c) Is the
balance point affected by this high resistance?


(d) Is the
balance point affected by the internal resistance of the driver cell?



(e) Would the method work in the above situation if the
driver cell of the potentiometer had an emf of 1.0 V instead of 2.0
V?



(f ) Would the circuit work well for determining an extremely
small emf, say of the order of a few mV (such as the typical emf of a
thermo-couple)? If not, how will you modify the circuit?



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