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Explain why the solution of Ti3+ salt is purple in colour.OR Why is Ti3+ coloured? (atomic number Ti = 22)

Answer»
  • Ti2+ ions in the aqueous solution exist in the hydrated complex form as [Ti(H2O)6]2+.
  • The electronic configuration of Ti is, 22Ti [Ar]18 3d2 4s2 and Ti3+ [Ar] 3d1.Hence in complex, Ti has one unpaired electron in 3d subshell.
  • Initially, the 3d electron occupies lower energy d-orbital (in t2g -orbitals).
  • On the absorption of radiations of about 500 nm in yellow green region by a complex, 3d1 electron is excited to the higher energy d-orbital (eg- orbitals).
  • When the electron returns back to the lower energy d-orbital (t2g), it transmits radiation of complementary colour i.e. red blue or purple colour. Hence, the solution of hydrated Ti3+ is purple. 


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