Explain the steps involved in the production of genetically engineered

1.	Explain the steps involved in the production of genetically engineered insulin. Whay is the insulin thus produce preferred over the one produced from qnimal source.
Answer» Insulin: Insulin is secreted by islets of langerhans of pancreas.It consists of two polypeptide chains,Chain A (21 amino acids) and chain B (30 amino acids). The precursor of insulin is PROINSULIN which contains chain A, chain B and chain C (35 amino acid). PROCEDURE: The mRNA for this proinsulin is isolated from rats, cDNA is synthesized from this mRNA This cDNA is integrated with the plasmid of E.coli near the beta-galactosidase gene. The recombinant plasmid is then transfected into E.coli. The E.coli is the cultured.The cDNA is expressed to produce FUSED beta-galactosidase chain A and beta-galactosidase chain B. The chains are them separated from beta-galactosidase. The chain A and chain B were joined invitro by treating them with sodium disulphonate and sodium sulphite. This insulin produced is called 'Humulin' .

Explain the steps involved in the production of genetically engineered insulin. Whay is the insulin thus produce preferred over the one produced from qnimal source.

Answer»

Insulin:

Insulin is secreted by islets of langerhans of pancreas.It consists of two polypeptide chains,Chain A (21 amino acids) and chain B (30 amino acids).

The precursor of insulin is PROINSULIN which contains chain A, chain B and chain C (35 amino acid).

The mRNA for this proinsulin is isolated from rats,

cDNA is synthesized from this mRNA

This cDNA is integrated with the plasmid of E.coli near the beta-galactosidase gene.

The recombinant plasmid is then transfected into E.coli.

The E.coli is the cultured.The cDNA is expressed to produce FUSED beta-galactosidase chain A and beta-galactosidase chain B.

The chains are them separated from beta-galactosidase.

The chain A and chain B were joined invitro by treating them with sodium disulphonate and sodium sulphite.

This insulin produced is called 'Humulin' .