During the 19th century, nationalism emerged as a force which brought about changes like the emergence of the nation-states in place of the different dynasticempires of Europe. In 1848, Frederic Sorrieu, a French artist, visualised world asdemocratic and socialrepublics.The first idea of nationalism came with the French Revolution in 1789. FrenchRevolution led to the transfer of sovereignty from the monarchy to a body of Frenccitizens.The French revolutionaries introduced various measures and practices that couldcreate a sense of collective identity amongst the French people. The FrenchRevolution introduced new ideas like la patrie (the fatherland) and le citoyen (thecitizen) and a new French flag replacing the former royal standard amongst theFrench people. It introduced a centralised administrative system with uniform lawfor all citizens.Other measures were new hymns were composed and oaths were taken, martyrswere remembered in the name of the nation,internal customs duties and dues weabolished and Estates General was elected by the body of citizens and renamed asNational Assembly. Regional dialects were discouraged. French language forspeaking and Paris language for writing were accepted as a common language of tcountry.​