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Discuss brifly the nature of bonding in metal carbonyls. |
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Answer» SOLUTION :(b)Bonding in metal carbonyls (i) In metal carbonyls , the bondbetweenmetal ATOM and thecarbonyl ligandconsistsof twocomponents (ii) The firstcomponent is an ELECTRON pairdonation from the carbonatom of carbonylligandinto a vacant - d- orbital of centralmetalatom . (iii)The electron pairdonation forms` M overset( sigma " bond")larr CO` sigma bond. The sigmabondformation inceases the electron densityin metal d orbitals and makesthe metalelectron rich. (v)In ORDERTO compensatefor this increased electron densty,a filledmetal d-orbitalinteractswith the empty ` pi`orbital on thecarbonyl ligandand transfersthe added electrondensity back to the ligand. (vi) Thissecond component is called ` pi-` backbonding, Thus in metalcarbonyls , electron densitymovesfromligandto metal throughsigma bondingand from metal to ligandthrough pi bonding , this synergic effect accountsfor strongthis synergic effect accounts for strong` M larr CO`bond in metal carbonyls. (vii) Thisphenomenon is shown diagrammaticallyas FOLLOWS 
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