Answer» | DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) | RNA (Ribonucleic acid) | | It is a long polymer. It has a deoxyribose and phosphate backbone having four distinct bases: thymine, adenine, cytosine, and guanine. | Is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone with four varying bases: uracil, cytosine, adenine, and guanine. | | It is located in the nucleus of a cell and in the mitochondria. | It is found in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and in the ribosome. | | It has 2-deoxyribose. | It has Ribose. | | DNA is functional is the transmission of genetic information. It forms as a media for long-term storage. | RNA is functional is the transmission of the genetic code that is necessary for the protein creation from the nucleus to the ribosome. | | The DNA is a double-stranded molecule that has a long chain of nucleotides. | The RNA is a single-stranded molecule which has a shorter chain of nucleotides. | | DNA replicates on its own, it is self-replicating. | RNA does not replicate on its own. It is synthesized from DNA when required. | | The base pairing is as follows: GC(Guanine pairs with Cytosine) A-T(Adenine pairs with Thymine). | The base pairing is as follows: GC(Guanine pairs with Cytosine) A-U(Adenine pairs with Uracil). |
Difference between DNA and RNA | D.N.A. | R.N.A. | | (i) DNA contains over a million nucleotide | (i) Depending among the type RNA contains 71-12000 nucleophites | | (ii) It contains deoxyribose sugar | (ii) It contains ribose sugar | | (iii) Nitrogen base thymine occurs is DNA along with three others-adenine, cytosine and guanine | (iii) Thymine is replaced by uracil in RNA The other three are similar adenine, cytosine and guanine | | (iv) DNA is the genetic material | (iv) RNA is not the genetic material except in certain viruses e.g., Reovirus |
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