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Answer» Answer: - An acid is a molecule or substance that has a pH value less than 7.0 when it is present in an aqueous SOLUTION. An aqueous solution is any solution where water is a solvent. Acids are TERMED as compounds that donate H+ (hydrogen ion) to another compound known as base.
- Ions that accept the pair of ELECTRONS (electron pair acceptor – an electrophile), and possess vacant orbitals are termed ‘Lewis acid’.
- Strong acids, such as nitric acid (HNO3), sulfuric acid (H2SO4), and hydrochloric acid (HCl) respectively.
Base - A base (alkaline) is a molecule or substance that has a pH value higher than 7.0 when present in an aqueous solution. Bases are the exact chemical opposite of acids. In chemistry. They are substances that, in aqueous solution, release hydroxide (OH−) ions.
- Ions that donate a pair of electrons (electron pair donor – a nucleophile), and possess a lone pair of electrons are termed ‘Lewis base’.
- Alkalis or Caustics, such as NAOH (sodium hydroxide) and KOH (potassium hydroxide)
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