1. Humanism: The Renaissance scholars began to take deep interest in Humanism, a sympathetic study of man and his achievements. Humanists promoted a rational and humanistic approach in their studies. They tried to bring learning into a close relationship with life as such. The main idea of this movement was the cultivation of the human personality. Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio, Cicero, Martin Luther, Nicholas-II and others were noted humanists.

2. New approach: In the medieval age, religious belief, political principles and social standards were all stagnant. Enlightened thinkers like Peter Abelard, Roger Bacon, John Wycliffe, and others challenged those views, and boldly and openly expressed their new ideas.

3. Renaissance Art and Architecture: Renaissance Art and Architecture were humanistic and realistic. They came out of the clutches of the Church and became secular and closer to human life. The ‘Gothic Architecture’ developed during Renaissance was a mixture of Greek, Roman, Doric, Ionic and Corinthian styles. It consists of large arches and domes, tall pillars and beautiful decorations.

4. Scientific progress: Renaissance spread the spirit of enquiry, investigation, and criticism. The rise of Nation – States helped the progress of Science. The discovery of new lands, new knowledge about the shape of the earth and observations of Astronomers disproved f certain age-old beliefs. Renaissance made its great impact resulting in scientific revolution in Europe.