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Consider the following molecules and answer the questions: CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – Cl, CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – Br, CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – I. i. What type of inductive effect is expected to operate in these molecules? ii. Identify the molecules from these three, having the strongest and the weakest inductive effect. |
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Answer» i. The groups responsible for inductive effect in these molecules are -Cl, -Br and -I, respectively. All these are halogen atoms which are more electronegative than carbon. Therefore, all of them exert -I effect, that is, electron withdrawing inductive effect. ii. The -I effect of halogens is due to their electronegativity. A decreasing order of electronegativity in these halogens follows Cl > Br > I. Therefore, the strongest -I effect is expected in CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – Cl, while the weakest -I effect is expected for CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – I. |
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