1.

Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their acidic strength : i. m - nitrophenolii.m - cresol iii. Phenoliv. m -chlorophenol

Answer»

`ii lt iv lt iii lt i`
`ii lt iii lt i lt iv `
`iii lt ii lt i lt iv`
`ii lt iii lt iv lt i`

Solution :
Nitro group has both - R effectand - I effect , but - R effect PREDOMINATES . Due to stronger electron with drawing nature of - `NO_(2)` group , PHENOXIDEION is stabilized more . Hence nitrophenol is more ACIDIC thanphenol.
Methyl group destabilizes the phenoxide ION by + I effect and hyperconjugation . Hence m - cresol is weakeracidthan phenol . - R effect of nitrogroup is stronger than - I effect of chlorine, hence m - nitrophenol is moreacidic than m - childphenol .
Therefore the correct order of acidicstrength ism - nitrophenol `GT` m - chlorophenol `gt` phenol `gt ` .


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