1.

Arrange the following compounds in order of increasing dipole moment . Toluene (I) m-dichlorobenzene (II) o-dichlorobenzene (III) . P-dichlorobenzene (IV) .

Answer»

`IltIVltIIltIII`
`IVltIlrIIltIII`
`IVltIltIIIltII`
`IVltIIltIltIII`

Solution :N p-dichlorobenzene, the two equal dipoles are in opposite direction, hence the molecule has zero DIPOLE moment. In o-and m-dichlorobenzenes, the two dipoles are at `60^(@) and 120^(@)` APART respectively, and thus according to parallelogram law of forces, the dipole moment of o-dichlorobenzene is much HIGHER than that of m-isomer. Lastly, toluene with a +I group possesses I ittle dipole moment. Thus the overall order is


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