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An alkyl halide with beta-hydrogen atoms on reaction with a base or a nucleophile has two competing paths. Substitutions (S_(N^(1)) and S_(N^(2))) and elimination (E_(1) and E_(2)). The path adopted by them depends upon the nature of the alkyl halide, strength and size of the base/nucleophile and reaction conditions. The bulkiers nucleophile prefers to act as a base and abstracts a proton rather than approaching a tetravalent carbon atom (due to steric reasons) and vise versa. A primary alkyl halide can react by any of the four mechanism (S_(N^(2)), S_(N^(1)), E_(2) and E_(1)) depending upon the stability or the intermediate carbocation or the substituted alkene formed and the reaction conditions and tertiary alkyl halide. The three possible paths (S_(N^(1)), E_(1) and E_(2)) Isopropyl bromide on heating with a concentrated solution of alcoholic (ethanolic) KOH predominantly gives |
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Answer» Propene |
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