Saved Bookmarks
| 1. |
(a) What causes the existence of very large number of carbon compounds ?(b) Draw structuralformulae of compounds from their molecular formula given below : (1) C_(3)H_(8) (2) C_(3) H_(4) |
|
Answer» Solution :(a) (1) Carbon has a unique ability to FORM strong covalent bonds with other carbon atoms , this results in formation of big molecules . This property of carbon is called catenation power . The carbon COMPOUNDS contain open chains or closed chains of carbon atoms . An open chain can be straight chain or a branched chain . A closed chain is a ring structure . The covalent bond between two carbon atoms is strong and therefore stable . Carbon is bestowed with catenation power due to the strong and stable covalent bonds. (2) One , two or three covalent bonds can bond together two carbon atoms . These bonds are called single covalent bond , double covalent bond and triple covalent bond respectively . Due to ability of carbon atoms to form multiple bonds as WELL as single bonds, the number of carbon compounds increases . For example , there are three compounds , namely , ethane `(CH_(3) - CH_(3))` , ethene `(CH_(2) = CH_(2))` and ethyne `(CH-=CH)` which contain tow carbon atoms . (3) Carbon being tetravalent , one carbon atom can form bonds with four other atoms (carbon or any other ) . This results in formation of many compounds . These compounds POSSESSES different properties as per the atoms to which carbon is bonded . For example , five different compounds are formed using one carbon atom and two MONOVALENT elements hydrogen and chlorine : `CH_(4) , CH_(3)Cl , CH_(2) Cl_(2) , CHCl_(3) , C Cl_(4)` . Similarly carbon atoms form covalent bonds with atoms of elements like O , N, S , halogen and P to form different types of carbon compounds in large number . (4) Isomerism is one more characteristic of carbon compound which is responsible for large number of carbon compounds . (b) Structural formulae : (1) `C_(3) H_(8)` Propane : `H- underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-overset(H)overset(|)underset(H)underset(|)(C)-underset(H)underset(|)overset(H)overset(|)(C)-H` (2) `C_(3) H_(4)` Propyne : `H - C-= C - overset(H)overset(|)underset(H)underset(|)(C)-H` |
|