Answer» Correct Answer - Option 1 : Batholiths
The correct answer is Batholiths.
- The lava that is released during volcanic eruptions on cooling develops into igneous rocks.
- Depending on the location of the cooling of the lava, igneous rocks are classified as volcanic rocks (cooling at the surface) and plutonic rocks (cooling in the crust).
- The lava that cools within the crustal portions assumes different forms called intrusive forms. They are:
- Batholiths
- A large body of magmatic material that cools in the deeper depth of the crust develops in the form of large domes.
- They appear on the surface only after the denudational processes remove the overlying materials.
- They cover large areas, and at times, assume depth that may be several km.
- Batholiths are the cooled portion of magma chambers.
- Lacoliths
- These are large dome-shaped intrusive bodies with a level base and connected by a pipe-like conduit from below.
- It resembles the surface volcanic domes of composite volcano, only these are located at deeper depths.
- It can be regarded as the localised source of lava that finds its way to the surface.
- Lapoliths
- As and when the lava moves upwards, a portion of the same may tend to move in a horizontal direction wherever it finds a weak plane.
- In case it develops into a saucer shape, concave to the sky body, it is called lapolith.
- Phacoliths
- A wavy mass of intrusive rocks, at times, is found at the base of synclines or at the top of anticline in folded igneous country.
- Such wavy materials have a definite conduit to source beneath in the form of magma chambers. These are called the phacoliths.
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