1.

A box has 20 pens of which 2 are defective. Calculate the probabilitythat out of 5 pens drawn one by one with replacement, at most 2 aredefective.

Answer» Probability of selecting 2 defective pens=2/10=1/10
Probability of selecting pens which are not defective=18/20=9/10
1)Number of defective pen=0
`P(A)=5C_0(1/10)^0(9/10)^5`
2)Number of defective pen=1
`P(B)=5C_1(1/10)^1(9/10)^4`
3)Number of defective pen=2
`P(C)=5C_2(1/10)^2(9/10)^3`
Total probability that at most 2 defective pens
`=P(A)+P(B)+P(C)`
`5C_0(1/10)^0(9/10)^5+5C_1(1/10)^1(9/10)^4+5C_2(1/10)^2(9/10)^3`
`=(9/10)^3*34/25`.


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